Degrading magnesium screws ZEK100: biomechanical testing, degradation analysis and soft-tissue biocompatibility in a rabbit model

Reifenrath, Janin; Angrisani, Nina; Erdmann, Nina; Lucas, Arne; Waizy, Hazibullah; Seitz, Jan‐Marten; Bondarenko, Olexandr; Meyer‐Lindenberg, Andrea

doi:10.1088/1748-6041/8/4/045012

Cited by 43 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Based on histological data and from implant pull out forces, bone conductive properties of magnesium alloy implants were observed and proposed to be mediated by magnesium hydroxides as well as by calcium phosphates present in the magnesium corrosion layer [17][18][19][20][21][22] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential magnesium implant corrosion coat formation and contribution to bone bonding

Rahim

Weizbauer

Evertz

et al. 2016

J Biomedical Materials Res

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Magnesium alloys are presently under investigation as promising biodegradable implant materials with osteoconductive properties. To study the molecular mechanisms involved, the potential contribution of soluble magnesium corrosion products to the stimulation of osteoblastic cell differentiation was examined. However, no evidence for the stimulation of osteoblast differentiation could be obtained when cultured mesenchymal precursor cells were differentiated in the presence of metallic magnesium or in cell culture medium containing elevated magnesium ion levels. Similarly, in soft tissue no bone induction by metallic magnesium or by the corrosion product magnesium hydroxide could be observed in a mouse model. Motivated by the comparatively rapid accumulation solid corrosion products physicochemical processes were examined as an alternative mechanism to explain the stimulation of bone growth by magnesium-based implants. During exposure to physiological solutions a structured corrosion coat formed on magnesium whereby the elements calcium and phosphate were enriched in the outermost layer which could play a role in the established biocompatible behavior of magnesium implants. When magnesium pins were inserted into avital bones, corrosion lead to increases in the pull out force, suggesting that the expanding corrosion layer was interlocking with the surrounding bone. Since mechanical stress is a wellestablished inducer of bone growth, volume increases caused by the rapid accumulation of corrosion products and the resulting force development could be a key mechanism and provide an explanation for the observed stimulatory effects of magnesium-based implants in hard tissue.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential magnesium implant corrosion coat formation and contribution to bone bonding

Rahim

Weizbauer

Evertz

et al. 2016

J Biomedical Materials Res

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“…The gas pockets around implantable devices were observed in human patients 14 as well as animal models. 17,19,48,49 Several papers studied the effects of surface modifications on the gas pocket formation. Fischerauer et al observed decrease in the gas pocket formation in the 1st 2 weeks postimplantation with the implants treated by micro-arc oxidation, however these differences were not significant and at weeks 3 and 4 the gas volume was higher than in the untreated group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo study of self‐assembled alkylsilane coated degradable magnesium devices

et al. 2018

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Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are candidate materials for resorbable implantable devices, such as orthopedic devices or cardiovascular stents. Mg has a number advantages, including mechanical properties, light weight, its osteogenic effects and the fact that its degradation products are nontoxic and naturally present in the body. However, production of H gas during the corrosion reaction can cause formation of gas pockets at the implantation site, posing a barrier to clinical applications of Mg. It is therefore desirable to develop methods to control corrosion rate and gas pocket formation around the implants. Here we evaluate the potential of self-assembled multilayer alkylsilane (AS) coatings to control Mg device corrosion and formation of gas pockets in vivo and to assess effects of the AS coatings on the surrounding tissues in a subcutaneous mouse model over a 6 weeks' period. The coating significantly slowed down corrosion and gas pocket formation as evidenced by smaller gas pockets around the AS coated implants (ANOVA; p = 0.013) and decrease in the weight loss values (t test; p = 0.07). Importantly, the microCT and profilometry analyses demonstrated that the coating inhibited the pitting corrosion. Specifically, the roughness of the coated samples was ∼30% lower than uncoated specimen (p = 0.02). Histological assessment of the tissues under the implant revealed no inflammation or foreign body reaction. Overall, our results demonstrate the feasibility of use of the seld assembled AS coatings for reduction of gas pocket formation around the resorbable Mg devices. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2018.

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“…[ 146,199 ] The accelerated corrosion behavior of Mg and its alloys, in accordance with an early loss of integrity and a high hydrogen evolution rate, has been proven in various in vivo studies. [ 21,35,[200][201][202] A lower and upper limit for the corrosion rate of degradable suture implants is currently not defi ned. Surface treatments, especially coatings, are currently under extensive investigation to delay corrosion and to provide an increased implant endurance.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Biodegradable Metals for Medical Sutures: A Critical Review

Seitz

Ďurišin

Goldman

et al. 2015

Adv Healthcare Materials

209

158

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Sutures that biodegrade and dissolve over a period of several weeks are in great demand to stitch wounds and surgical incisions. These new materials are receiving increased acceptance across surgical procedures whenever permanent sutures and long-term care are not needed. Unfortunately, both inflammatory responses and adverse local tissue reactions in the close-to-stitching environment are often reported for biodegradable polymeric sutures currently used by the medical community. While bioabsorbable metals are predominantly investigated and tested for vascular stent or osteosynthesis applications, they also appear to possess adequate bio-compatibility, mechanical properties, and corrosion stability to replace biodegradable polymeric sutures. In this Review, biodegradable alloys made of iron, magnesium, and zinc are critically evaluated as potential materials for the manufacturing of soft and hard tissue sutures. In the case of soft tissue closing and stitching, these metals have to compete against currently available degradable polymers. In the case of hard tissue closing and stitching, biodegradable sternal wires could replace the permanent sutures made of stainless steel or titanium alloys. This Review discusses the specific materials and degradation properties required by all suture materials, summarizes current suture testing protocols and provides a well-grounded direction for the potential future development of biodegradable metal based sutures.

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Degrading magnesium screws ZEK100: biomechanical testing, degradation analysis and soft-tissue biocompatibility in a rabbit model

Cited by 43 publications

References 56 publications

Differential magnesium implant corrosion coat formation and contribution to bone bonding

Differential magnesium implant corrosion coat formation and contribution to bone bonding

In vivo study of self‐assembled alkylsilane coated degradable magnesium devices

Recent Advances in Biodegradable Metals for Medical Sutures: A Critical Review

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