Degraded DNA

Butler, John M.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-374513-2.00010-5

Cited by 27 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…The one marker D22S1045 accounted for 22.7% of all the forward stutter peaks observed in the NGM SElect TM dataset and 34.2% in the GlobalFiler TM dataset. D22S1045 is a trinucleotide repeat and therefore is known to stutter more often [15]. As expected the pentanucleotide repeats within the PowerPlex R 21 multiplex, Penta D, and Penta E, did not forward stutter significantly.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

Modeling forward stutter: Toward increased objectivity in forensic DNA interpretation

et al. 2014

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Forward stutter, or over stutter, one repeat unit length larger than the parent allele (N + 1 stutter), is a relatively rare product of the PCR amplification of STRs used in forensic DNA analysis. We have investigated possible explanatory variables for the occurrence and size of forward stutter for four different autosomal multiplexes. In addition, we have investigated models used to predict the expected heights of forward stutter. For all tetra and penta-nucleotide repeats we can find no correlation between allelic peak height, marker, or longest uninterrupted sequence in the allele. The data fit a gamma distribution with no explanatory variables. For the single trinucleotide repeat present in two of the four multiplexes (D22S1045) forward stutter is much more common and the best explanatory variable appears to be back stutter height. This suggests some fundamental cocausation of high backward and forward stutter for this locus.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

Modeling forward stutter: Toward increased objectivity in forensic DNA interpretation

et al. 2014

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“…Briefly, the standard workflow for a DNA test typically proceed through a series of steps [ 9 ] while maintaining a chain of custody throughout the process. Specimens submitted to the laboratory undergo presumptive and confirmatory tests for semen.…”

Section: An Integrated System For Dna Testing In Sexual Assault Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated system for forensic DNA testing of sexual assault cases in the Philippines

Rodriguez

Laude

Ungria

2021

Forensic Science International: Synergy

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In the Philippines, more than 7000 cases of sexual assault are reported annually. DNA technology is a powerful tool in identifying assailants. However, it is not routinely used in sexual assault investigations due to insufficient government support to cover the high cost of DNA testing and the absence of a national system for sample collection, handling, storage, and DNA testing of biological evidence. In itself, the nature of sexual assault samples containing DNA mixtures presents challenges to laboratory methods and interpretation of results. The sample recovered from the victim may only contain trace amounts of the assailant’s DNA, may have degraded due to prolonged storage in ambient conditions which is warm and humid in the tropics, or contaminated with inhibitors, such as in anal swabs. Hence, a closer evaluation of the processes of evidence collection and DNA testing is needed to increase the likelihood of success in generating conclusive results. In this paper, we propose an integrated system for DNA testing of biological samples collected from sexual assault victims considering the limitations of resources and the prevailing warm climate. Recommendations in this work should provide basis for formulating national guidelines for DNA analysis in aid of criminal investigations. The proposed scheme can be adopted by forensic DNA laboratories in the Philippines and in other countries facing similar challenges.

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“…Established in 1998, the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) national database uses 13 STR loci, which sets the basis for the forensic DNA profiling in the US [ 27 ]. Several technical advances have facilitated multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification.…”

Section: Molecular Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Fragment analysis in forensic anthropology

Ubelaker

2020

Forensic Sciences Research

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Anthropological analysis of fragmentary evidence can be challenging but diverse methods allow substantial information to be gleaned. Scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy enables determination if bone and/or tooth tissue is present. Protein radioimmunoassay or DNA analysis can establish the species present. Histological analysis can assist in species determination and reveal information about thermal changes. Radiocarbon analysis with special reference to the modern bomb-curve can clarify the postmortem interval. Anthropologists should also be aware that DNA analysis not only can enable positive identification but assist in the evaluation of sex and age at death.

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Degraded DNA

Cited by 27 publications

References 92 publications

Modeling forward stutter: Toward increased objectivity in forensic DNA interpretation

Modeling forward stutter: Toward increased objectivity in forensic DNA interpretation

An integrated system for forensic DNA testing of sexual assault cases in the Philippines

Fragment analysis in forensic anthropology

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