Degradation studies of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis cells with low platinum group metals – Catalyst coating achieved by atomic layer deposition

Batalla, B. Sánchez; Laube, A.; Hofer, André; Struckmann, Thorsten; Bachmann, Julien; Weidlich, Claudia

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.09.159

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The reoxidation of the catalyst to an amorphous structure increases the activity of the electrode. [25,28] The degradation rate of the cell is defined as the increase of the cell potential over time. After an initial degradation rate of 5.7 mV h À 1 in the first 10 h, the degradation rate decreased to 0.026 mV h À 1 in the next 50 h. This is a high degradation rate compared to commercial planar cells, but we have to take into account that our iridium loading is about 10 times lower than in commercial cells, we are using 3D printed electrodes and we have introduced a new tubular cell configuration.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the cell was run at OCV for some time due to the pump leak, crossover and accumulation of H 2 in the anode compartment occurred and led to the reduction of iridium catalyst. The reoxidation of the catalyst to an amorphous structure increases the activity of the electrode [25,28] . The degradation rate of the cell is defined as the increase of the cell potential over time.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A tubular cell pretreated with triethylsilanol was investigated in a single cell test measured in our electrolyzer test bench. The test bench setup developed in‐house is already described in a previous publication [25] . 1 M sulfuric acid was recirculated at 60 °C with a flow rate of 30 mL min ‐1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The test bench setup developed in-house is already described in a previous publication. [25] 1 M sulfuric acid was recirculated at 60 °C with a flow rate of 30 mL min -1 . In contrary to commercial electrolyzers, we use sulfuric acid instead of water to improve the proton conductivity of the system, because we are not coating our electrodes with ionomer.…”

Section: Test Bench and Cell Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Mild Method for the Activation of Cation Exchange Membranes Used in Tubular PEM Electrolyzers

Sánchez Batalla,

Laube,

Struckmann

et al. 2024

ChemPlusChem

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Co‐extrusion of both half‐cells in tubular PEM water electrolyzers can lower the costs for hydrogen production, since the number of components is reduced and the production process is simplified. However, after co‐extrusion of the inner half‐cell and the ion exchange membrane, the membrane is in its fluoride sulfonyl form and must be hydrolyzed to achieve the proton conductive sulfonic acid to be ready for use. Common practice is the hydrolysis using concentrated alkaline solutions, which causes a corrosion of the laminated anode electrode. We developed a less corrosive method using triethylsilanol as reactant. Tubular membranes hydrolyzed with this new procedure were characterized and tested in an electrolyzer laboratory test setup.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Test Bench and Cell Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Mild Method for the Activation of Cation Exchange Membranes Used in Tubular PEM Electrolyzers

Sánchez Batalla,

Laube,

Struckmann

et al. 2024

ChemPlusChem

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show abstract

“…The above results demonstrate the remarkable stability of the 0.5-Ir/Pt sintered Ti even under such a harsh operation condition. Notably, the reversible performance loss could be due to the gas stagnation within the catalyst layer, and the slightly increased voltage can be recovered by interrupting the cell current. , However, for the 0.5-Ir/sintered Ti, obviously increased cell voltages of 1.738, 1.960, and 2.134 V at 2, 4, and 6 A/cm 2 are observed (Figure C) after the stability test. Meanwhile, an inferior efficiency is observed, showing a decreased efficiency value from 73 to 69% at 6 A/cm 2 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Integrated Electrode Enables High-Current Operation and Excellent Stability for Green Hydrogen Production

Ding

Wang

Xie

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Generating green hydrogen through proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cells (PEMECs) is promising to build future sustainable energy systems. Operating PEMECs at high current densities with high efficiency is a realistic strategy to reduce the capital costs of PEMECs and increase their sustainability. Herein, an Ir-integrated electrode was developed via facile electrodeposition as an efficient anode for PEMECs, successfully achieving high-current operation of up to 6 A/cm 2 . More importantly, the electrode shows excellent stability under an ultrahigh current density of 5 A/cm 2 , showing almost no performance loss after the stability test. Further studies indicate that a platinum protection layer on Ti substrates plays a crucial role in superior performance and stability, which not only provides electrodes with improved electrical conductivity resulting in improved catalyst activity but also enhances the crack-free catalyst layer achieving catalysts' adhesion improvement to the substrate and prevents substrate oxidation. With platinum, the cell voltage can be improved by 33, 59, and 87 mV at current densities of 2, 4, and 6 A/cm 2 , respectively. Overall, considering efficient high-current operation capability, remarkable stability, and significantly simplified and low-cost fabrication process with easy scalability, the developed integrated electrodes are believed to have great potential in future sustainable energy systems.

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Electrochemically Grown Ultrathin Platinum Nanosheet Electrodes with Ultralow Loadings for Energy-Saving and Industrial-Level Hydrogen Evolution

Ding

Xie

et al. 2023

Nano-Micro Lett.

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Nanostructured catalyst-integrated electrodes with remarkably reduced catalyst loadings, high catalyst utilization and facile fabrication are urgently needed to enable cost-effective, green hydrogen production via proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cells (PEMECs). Herein, benefitting from a thin seeding layer, bottom-up grown ultrathin Pt nanosheets (Pt-NSs) were first deposited on thin Ti substrates for PEMECs via a fast, template- and surfactant-free electrochemical growth process at room temperature, showing highly uniform Pt surface coverage with ultralow loadings and vertically well-aligned nanosheet morphologies. Combined with an anode-only Nafion 117 catalyst-coated membrane (CCM), the Pt-NS electrode with an ultralow loading of 0.015 mgPt cm−2 demonstrates superior cell performance to the commercial CCM (3.0 mgPt cm−2), achieving 99.5% catalyst savings and more than 237-fold higher catalyst utilization. The remarkable performance with high catalyst utilization is mainly due to the vertically well-aligned ultrathin nanosheets with good surface coverage exposing abundant active sites for the electrochemical reaction. Overall, this study not only paves a new way for optimizing the catalyst uniformity and surface coverage with ultralow loadings but also provides new insights into nanostructured electrode design and facile fabrication for highly efficient and low-cost PEMECs and other energy storage/conversion devices.

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Degradation studies of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis cells with low platinum group metals – Catalyst coating achieved by atomic layer deposition

Cited by 8 publications

References 56 publications

A Mild Method for the Activation of Cation Exchange Membranes Used in Tubular PEM Electrolyzers

A Mild Method for the Activation of Cation Exchange Membranes Used in Tubular PEM Electrolyzers

Efficient Integrated Electrode Enables High-Current Operation and Excellent Stability for Green Hydrogen Production

Electrochemically Grown Ultrathin Platinum Nanosheet Electrodes with Ultralow Loadings for Energy-Saving and Industrial-Level Hydrogen Evolution

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