Degradation of steroids by microorganisms. XVIII. The reversibility of steroid‐l‐dehydrogenation during microbial side chain degradation of sterols by <i>Nocardia</i>

Komel, Radovan; Groh, H.; Hörhold, C.

doi:10.1002/jobm.19800201006

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

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“…erythropolis IMET 7 185, and M. smegmatis IMET SG 99, dehydrogenation and hydrogenation were shown to be performed by only a single enzyme. [119][120][121] Although significant amounts of the unwanted products were described to be formed during fermentation in unfavorable media and in conditions of inadequate aeration,",' I 2 . ' l 4 side-product formation in commercial 1-dehydrogenation is not as important a problem as in 11 Por 16a-hydroxylations, and in properly controlled fermentations, a product of 90% yield is not uncommon.…”

Section: -Dehydrogenationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotransformations of Steroids

Sedlaczek

1988

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology

114

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Different types of microbiological transformation of steroids are reviewed, with special attention given to bioconversions applied in the manufacturing of steroid hormones, i.e., 11 alpha- 11 beta-, 16 alpha-, 17 alpha-hydroxylations and 1-dehydrogenation. Availability and utilization of raw materials for industrial production of steroids of the estrane, androstane, and pregnane series are discussed. Among the current trends in steroid research of a practical nature, immobilization of enzymes and living cells and the spore process are emphasized as alternative techniques of steroid transformation of possible future importance. Efforts to recognize, in cell-free preparations, the components of steroid-transforming enzyme systems as well as the cellular mechanisms of control of their biosynthesis and activity are described in order to illustrate the main subjects of current basic investigation in steroid bioconversion.

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Section: -Dehydrogenationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotransformations of Steroids

Sedlaczek

1988

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology

114

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Steroidtransformation with immobilized microorganisms VI. The reverse reaction of steroid‐1‐dehydrogenases from different micoorganisms in immobilized state

Atrat

Groh

1981

J of Basic Microbiology

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Whole cells of Nocardia erythropolis, N. opaca and Mycobacterium phlei containing 4‐en‐3‐oxosteroid: (acceptor)‐l‐en‐oxidoreductase activities were immobilized by adsorption on DEAE cellulose and silica and by entrapment in polyacrylamide gel. The obtained biocatalysts were used in an anaerobic continuous column process to transform l,4‐dien‐3‐oxo‐steroids into 4‐en‐3‐oxo‐steroids. The half life of steroid‐1(2)‐reductase activity of the N. erythropolis was found to be up to 15 days. The DEAE‐cellulose‐adsorbed cells showed a slighthly higher relative activity than free cells. The influence of substrate concentration and the action of dimethylformamide were also investigated.

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Microbial side‐chain degradation of sterols

Kieslich¹

1985

J. Basic Microbiol.

124

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Apart from the broadly used diosgenin and some further natural compounds sterols gained an increasing importance as raw material for the synthesis of steroid drugs. Parallel to the elucidation of the pathways of the enzymatic degradation of sterols technical processes were developed for a specific degradation of the side-chain to useful primary products. A review is given on the present state of this field and the trends to further improvements.

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Degradation of steroids by microorganisms. XVIII. The reversibility of steroid‐l‐dehydrogenation during microbial side chain degradation of sterols by Nocardia

Abstract: The aerobic side chain degradation of sterols often leads to mixtures of 1,4‐diene and 4‐ene compounds. By an additional anaerobic step a practically complete reverse reaction of the steroid‐1‐dehydrogenation occurs yielding only the corresponding 4‐ene compound.

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Biotransformations of Steroids

Biotransformations of Steroids

Steroidtransformation with immobilized microorganisms VI. The reverse reaction of steroid‐1‐dehydrogenases from different micoorganisms in immobilized state

Microbial side‐chain degradation of sterols

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