Degradation of purines and pyrimidines by microorganisms

Vogels, Godfried D.; Drift, Chris van der

doi:10.1128/br.40.2.403-468.1976

Cited by 332 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 478 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Some microorganisms are capable of catabolizing DNA via concerted steps involving extracellular digestion 15 , import systems 16 and catabolic breakdown of imported subcomponents in the cytoplasm 17 . Degradation products of nucleic acids such as urea and ammonium, as well as CO 2 and acetate 18 , are also important nutrients for other members of microbial communities. Nucleic acids might be especially important phosphorus sources in sediments rich in metal-oxides such as Fe(III)- or Mn(IV)-oxides, whereby strong sorption of phosphorus to the metal-oxides can occur, thereby diminishing bioavailable pools of this crucial nutrient 19 .…”

Section: Mainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic insights into diverse bacterial taxa that degrade extracellular DNA in marine sediments

et al. 2021

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Extracellular DNA is a major macromolecule in global element cycles, and is a particularly crucial phosphorus, nitrogen and carbon source for microorganisms in the seafloor. Nevertheless, the identities, ecophysiology and genetic features of DNA-foraging microorganisms in marine sediments are largely unknown. Here, we combined microcosm experiments, DNA stable isotope probing (SIP), single-cell SIP using nano-scale secondary isotope mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) and genome-centric metagenomics to study microbial catabolism of DNA and its subcomponents in marine sediments. 13C-DNA added to sediment microcosms was largely degraded within 10 d and mineralized to 13CO2. SIP probing of DNA revealed diverse ‘Candidatus Izemoplasma’, Lutibacter, Shewanella and Fusibacteraceae incorporated DNA-derived 13C-carbon. NanoSIMS confirmed incorporation of 13C into individual bacterial cells of Fusibacteraceae sorted from microcosms. Genomes of the 13C-labelled taxa all encoded enzymatic repertoires for catabolism of DNA or subcomponents of DNA. Comparative genomics indicated that diverse ‘Candidatus Izemoplasmatales’ (former Tenericutes) are exceptional because they encode multiple (up to five) predicted extracellular nucleases and are probably specialized DNA-degraders. Analyses of additional sediment metagenomes revealed extracellular nuclease genes are prevalent among Bacteroidota at diverse sites. Together, our results reveal the identities and functional properties of microorganisms that may contribute to the key ecosystem function of degrading and recycling DNA in the seabed.

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Section: Mainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic insights into diverse bacterial taxa that degrade extracellular DNA in marine sediments

et al. 2021

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“…15 In general, it can also be managed through the excretion of UA in large amounts by the kidneys, while only 30% of the total UA is degraded by the action of intestinal flora burden per time. 13,16,17 However, the effectiveness of the intestinal flora can be greatly influenced by purine-rich foods, which may disturb the purine metabolism process, thereby elevating serum UA levels. 18,19 It is thus necessary to control UA from external sources to prevent hyperuricemia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limosilactobacillus fermentum JL-3 isolated from “Jiangshui” ameliorates hyperuricemia by degrading uric acid

Feng

et al. 2021

Gut Microbes

101

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Recent studies into the beneficial effects of fermented foods have shown that this class of foods are effective in managing hyperuricemia and gout. In this study, the uric acid (UA) degradation ability of Limosilactobacillus fermentum JL-3 strain, isolated from “Jiangshui” (a fermented Chinese food), was investigated. In vitro results showed that JL-3 strain exhibited high degradation capacity and selectivity toward UA. After oral administration to mice for 15 days, JL-3 colonization was continuously detected in the feces of mice. The UA level in urine of mice fed with JL-3 was similar with the control group mice. And the serum UA level of the former was significantly lower (31.3%) than in the control, further confirmed the UA-lowering effect of JL-3 strain. Limosilactobacillus fermentum JL-3 strain also restored some of the inflammatory markers and oxidative stress indicators (IL-1β, MDA, CRE, blood urea nitrogen) related to hyperuricemia, while the gut microbial diversity results showed that JL-3 could regulate gut microbiota dysbiosis caused by hyperuricemia. Therefore, the probiotic Limosilactobacillus fermentum JL-3 strain is effective in lowering UA levels in mice and could be used as a therapeutic adjunct agent in treating hyperuricemia.

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“…The hydrolysis of allantoin to allantoate via allantoinase has been observed in the nodules, roots, stems, leaves, and fruits of soybeans [ 22 , 23 ]. For allantoate degradation, there are two pathways in microorganisms via allantoate amidinohydrolase (EC 3.5.3.4) (Pathway A in Figure 1 ), and allantoate amidohydrolase (EC 3.5.3.9) (Pathway B in Figure 1 ) [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Nitrate, Ammonium, or Urea Changes the Concentrations of Ureides, Urea, Amino Acids and Other Metabolites in Xylem Sap and in the Organs of Soybean Plants (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)

Ono

Fukasawa

Sueyoshi

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) plants form root nodules and fix atmospheric dinitrogen, while also utilizing the combined nitrogen absorbed from roots. In this study, nodulated soybean plants were supplied with 5 mM N nitrate, ammonium, or urea for 3 days, and the changes in metabolite concentrations in the xylem sap and each organ were analyzed. The ureide concentration in the xylem sap was the highest in the control plants that were supplied with an N-free nutrient solution, but nitrate and asparagine were the principal compounds in the xylem sap with nitrate treatment. The metabolite concentrations in both the xylem sap and each organ were similar between the ammonium and urea treatments. Considerable amounts of urea were present in the xylem sap and all the organs among all the treatments. Positive correlations were observed between the ureides and urea concentrations in the xylem sap as well as in the roots and leaves, although no correlations were observed between the urea and arginine concentrations, suggesting that urea may have originated from ureide degradation in soybean plants, possibly in the roots. This is the first finding of the possibility of ureide degradation to urea in the underground organs of soybean plants.

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Degradation of purines and pyrimidines by microorganisms

Cited by 332 publications

References 478 publications

Genomic insights into diverse bacterial taxa that degrade extracellular DNA in marine sediments

Genomic insights into diverse bacterial taxa that degrade extracellular DNA in marine sediments

Limosilactobacillus fermentum JL-3 isolated from “Jiangshui” ameliorates hyperuricemia by degrading uric acid

Application of Nitrate, Ammonium, or Urea Changes the Concentrations of Ureides, Urea, Amino Acids and Other Metabolites in Xylem Sap and in the Organs of Soybean Plants (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)

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