Degradation of polyimide under exposure to 90 keV electrons

Plis, E.; Engelhart, Daniel P.; Barton, David A.; Cooper, Russell; Ferguson, Dale C.; Hoffmann, Ryan

doi:10.1002/pssb.201600819

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The conductivity of electron-irradiated polyimide showed an increase of two orders of magnitude after irradiation with an initial dose of 20 MGy and further increases for larger doses, as shown in Figure 3. Similar results have been reported by other research groups [29,79,80].…”

Section: -19supporting

confidence: 93%

“…Thus, for instance, increased dark conductivity of electron-irradiated PI is attributed to the presence of radicals formed as a result of radiation-induced breakage of imide rings and/or ether bridges forming a metastable carbonyl. Increased concentration of radicals, which can act as localization sites for both electrons and holes, together with increased probability of charge release rate in radiation-damaged material leads to faster movement of the charge body thus improving the conductivity of the material [29]. Since radiation induced conductivity (RIC) in PI is controlled by several competing physical processes, it is therefore dependent upon radiation dose rate, total received radiation dose, electric field, and temperature; thus, decrease and increase of RIC depending on PI's irradiation conditions has been reported [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of Radiation-Induced Effects in Polyimide

Plis¹,

Engelhart²,

Cooper

et al. 2019

Applied Sciences

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Polyimide (PI, Kapton-H®) films are widely utilized in the spacecraft industry for their insulating properties, mechanical durability, light weight, and chemical resistance to radiation. Still PI materials remain exposed to a combination of high-energy electrons, protons, and ultraviolet (UV) photons, particles primarily responsible for radiation-induced damage in geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO), which drastically change PI’s properties. This work reviews the effect of electron, proton, and UV photon irradiation on the material properties (morphology, absorption, mechanical properties, and charge transport) of PI. The different damaging mechanisms and chemical consequences that drive changes in the material properties of PI caused by each individual kind of irradiation will be discussed in detail.

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Section: -19supporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Radiation-Induced Effects in Polyimide

Plis¹,

Engelhart²,

Cooper

et al. 2019

Applied Sciences

Self Cite

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“…When the aging experiments mimicked low earth orbit, space-flight conditions (temperatures between 10 and 300 K, ultra-high vacuum [10][11], and high concentration of electronically excited atoms [108 atoms•cmÀ 3 of atomic O]), the degradation proceeded through chain scission and generated H2, CO, and CO2 [163,164]. Similar experiments mimicking geostationary orbit conditions (involving high energy [90 keV] electrons) showed a board range of radiation-induced damage (breakage of chemical bonds and formation of new ones) and a strong effect on optical (lower transmittance) and charge transport (higher conductivity) features [165].…”

Section: Radiation Degradationmentioning

confidence: 91%

New High-Performance Materials: Bio-Based, Eco-Friendly Polyimides

Rusu¹,

Abadie²

2021

Polyimide for Electronic and Electrical Engineering Applications

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The development of high-performance bio-based polyimides (PIs) seems a difficult task due to the incompatibility between petrochemical-derived, aromatic monomers and renewable, natural resources. Moreover, their production usually implies less eco-friendly experimental conditions, especially in terms of solvents and thermal conditions. In this chapter, we touch some of the most significant research endeavors that were devoted in the last decade to engineering naturally derived PI building blocks based on nontoxic, bio-renewable feedstocks. In most cases, the structural motifs of natural products are modified toward amine functionalities that are then used in classical or nonconventional methods for PI synthesis. We follow their evolution as viable alternatives to traditional starting compounds and prove they are able to generate eco-friendly PI materials that retain a combination of high-performance characteristics, or even bring some novel, enhanced features to the field. At the same time, serious progress has been made in the field of nonconventional synthetic and processing options for the development of PI-based materials. Greener experimental conditions such as ionic liquids, supercritical fluids, microwaves, and geothermal techniques represent feasible routes and reduce the negative environmental footprint of PIs' development. We also approach some insights regarding the sustainability, degradation, and recycling of PI-based materials.

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“…The damaged material's new electronic structure results in resonant absorption of lower energy photons, which results in a shift of the absorption band edge to around 730 nm. This phenomenon manifests itself as a darkening of the material in the visible spectrum [15,49].…”

Section: Modification Of Materials Optical Signatures After Exposure Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space Plasma Interactions with Spacecraft Materials

Engelhart¹,

Plis²,

Ferguson³

et al. 2019

Plasma Science and Technology - Basic Fundamentals and Modern Applications

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Spacecraft materials on orbit are subjected to the harsh weather of space. In particular, high-energy electrons alter the chemical structure of polymers and cause charge accumulation. Understanding the mechanisms of damage and charge dissipation is critical to spacecraft construction and operational anomaly resolution. Energetic particles in space plasma break molecular bonds in polymers and create radicals that can act as space charge traps. These electron-induced chemical changes also result in changes to the spectral absorption profile of polymers on orbit. Radicals react over time, either recreating identical bonds to those in the pristine material, leading to material recovery, or creating new bonds, resulting in a new material with new physical properties. Lack of knowledge about this dynamic aging is a major impediment to accurate modeling of spacecraft behavior over its mission life. This chapter first presents an investigation of the chemical and physical properties of polyimide films (PI, Kapton-H ®) during and after irradiation with high-energy (90 keV) electrons. Second, the deleterious effects of space plasma on a spacecraft component level are presented. The results of this physical/chemical collaboration demonstrate the correlation of chemical changes in PI with the dynamic nature of spacecraft material aging.

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Degradation of polyimide under exposure to 90 keV electrons

Cited by 18 publications

References 31 publications

Review of Radiation-Induced Effects in Polyimide

Review of Radiation-Induced Effects in Polyimide

New High-Performance Materials: Bio-Based, Eco-Friendly Polyimides

Space Plasma Interactions with Spacecraft Materials

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