Degradation of phenanthrene and hydraulic characteristics in a constructed wetland

Machate, T.; Noll, Harald; Behrens, H.; Kettrup, A.

doi:10.1016/s0043-1354(96)00260-6

Cited by 77 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Most of these studies have examined terrestrial plants and agricultural chemicals (1,2,27); few have looked at the influence of plant-associated microorganisms on the fate of PCBs (15,16) and PAHs (34,39). There have been a limited number of studies on PAH degradation involving wetland or salt marsh ecosystems, but none have studied the diversity of PAH-degrading microorganisms present (28,30,49).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Characterization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria Associated with the Rhizosphere of Salt Marsh Plants

Daane¹,

Harjono²,

Zylstra

et al. 2001

Appl Environ Microbiol

269

122

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-degrading bacteria were isolated from contaminated estuarine sediment and salt marsh rhizosphere by enrichment using either naphthalene, phenanthrene, or biphenyl as the sole source of carbon and energy. Pasteurization of samples prior to enrichment resulted in isolation of gram-positive, spore-forming bacteria. The isolates were characterized using a variety of phenotypic, morphologic, and molecular properties. Identification of the isolates based on their fatty acid profiles and partial 16S rRNA gene sequences assigned them to three main bacterial groups: gram-negative pseudomonads; grampositive, non-spore-forming nocardioforms; and the gram-positive, spore-forming group, Paenibacillus. Genomic digest patterns of all isolates were used to determine unique isolates, and representatives from each bacterial group were chosen for further investigation. Southern hybridization was performed using genes for PAH degradation from Pseudomonas putida NCIB 9816-4, Comamonas testosteroni GZ42, Sphingomonas yanoikuyae B1, and Mycobacterium sp. strain PY01. None of the isolates from the three groups showed homology to the B1 genes, only two nocardioform isolates showed homology to the PY01 genes, and only members of the pseudomonad group showed homology to the NCIB 9816-4 or GZ42 probes. The Paenibacillus isolates showed no homology to any of the tested gene probes, indicating the possibility of novel genes for PAH degradation. Pure culture substrate utilization experiments using several selected isolates from each of the three groups showed that the phenanthrene-enriched isolates are able to utilize a greater number of PAHs than are the naphthalene-enriched isolates. Inoculating two of the gram-positive isolates to a marine sediment slurry spiked with a mixture of PAHs (naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, and pyrene) and biphenyl resulted in rapid transformation of pyrene, in addition to the two-and three-ringed PAHs and biphenyl. This study indicates that the rhizosphere of salt marsh plants contains a diverse population of PAH-degrading bacteria, and the use of plant-associated microorganisms has the potential for bioremediation of contaminated sediments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Characterization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria Associated with the Rhizosphere of Salt Marsh Plants

Daane¹,

Harjono²,

Zylstra

et al. 2001

Appl Environ Microbiol

269

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Simulations were used to predict the performance of CWs using a direct plug flow reactor model [1], a plug flow with axial dispersion model (PFD) [4,[6][7][8], a stirred tank in series model [9] or a combination of these models [10]. One of the most limiting factors in predicting CWs efficiency was identified as the hydraulic behavior governed by environmental conditions [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Effect of Plants and Peat on Evapotranspiration in Constructed Wetlands

Chazarenc

Naylor

Comeau

et al. 2010

International Journal of Chemical Engineering

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Evapotranspiration (ET) in constructed wetlands (CWs) represents a major factor affecting hydrodynamics and treatment performances. The presence of high ET was shown to improve global treatment performances, however ET is affected by a wide range of parameters including plant development and CWs age. Our study aimed at modelling the effect of plants and peat on ET in CWs; since we hypothesized peat could behave like the presence of accumulated organic matter in old CWs. Treatment performances, hydraulic behaviour, and ET rates were measured in eight 1 m 2 CWs mesocosm (1 unplanted, 1 unplanted with peat, 2 planted with Phragmites australis, 2 planted with Typha latifolia and 2 planted with Phragmites australis with peat). Two models were built using first order kinetics to simulate COD and TKN removal with ET as an input. The effect of peat was positive on ET and was related to the better growth conditions it offered to macrophytes. Removal efficiency in pilot units with larger ET was higher for TKN. On average, results show for COD a k 20 value of 0.88 d −1 and 0.36 d −1 for TKN. We hypothesized that the main effect of ET was to concentrate effluent, thus enhancing degradation rates.

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“…The concept of constructed wetlands for the treatment of wastewaters has received a great deal of attention because they require low maintenance (Machate et al 1997). They may be an interesting process for the treatment of micropollutants such as CBs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Fate of Chlorinated Benzenes in Laboratory Peat and Pozzolana Filters

Cottin¹,

Merlin²

2010

Water Air Soil Pollut

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The removal of chlorinated benzenes (CBs) from the compartments and from polluted industrial sites is of great public interest for the decontamination of polluted water and for the protection of the environment. Biological degradation could be considered as a feasible process to eliminate these compounds from the environment as soil or groundwater. A research program in progress since the year 2007 was initiated to investigate the capacity of eco-remediation of CB-contaminated groundwater using a pilot-scale subsurface flow constructed wetland. In order to assess the removal efficiency of these compounds and to evaluate the biological activities, column experiments were performed. The fate of three CBs was investigated by feeding spiked tap water through laboratory columns filled with two different solid-state materials: peat and pozzolana. In order to stimulate biological activity, organic matter coming from aged vertical flow constructed wetland was added to the media.Concentrations of CBs in water effluent and in air and biological activities were monitored during 4 months. At the end of the experimental period, CB concentrations in the depth of columns were determined and a mass balance was calculated for the CBs. Removal efficiencies of the laboratory columns were >98% in the peat columns and situated around 87% to 95% in the pozzolana columns, indicating the suitability of the experimental systems for the removal of CBs. Higher effluent CB concentrations from the pozzolana columns were detected. Concentration of CBs in ambient air indicates that volatilization was low. ATP monitoring, reduction of tetrazolium violet, and exopolysaccharide determination indicated considerable biological activity with variations according to column depth and carrier material.

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Degradation of phenanthrene and hydraulic characteristics in a constructed wetland

Cited by 77 publications

References 12 publications

Isolation and Characterization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria Associated with the Rhizosphere of Salt Marsh Plants

Isolation and Characterization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria Associated with the Rhizosphere of Salt Marsh Plants

Modeling the Effect of Plants and Peat on Evapotranspiration in Constructed Wetlands

Fate of Chlorinated Benzenes in Laboratory Peat and Pozzolana Filters

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