Degradation of microcystins in aqueous solution with in situ electrogenerated active chlorine

Abstract

A new and efficient method for the degradation of microcystins (one family of blue algal toxins) was developed and studied. Microcystins (MCs) in water were directly and effectively removed by active chlorine transformed in situ from the naturally existing Cl À in water resource using electrochemical method. , 20°C and pH 7.00. The qualitative analysis showed that the heptapetide ring and the Adda group of both treated MCs were changed. The results also indicated that the removal rates of both MCs increased with the increasing of chloride concentration and applied current density, but decreased with the increasing of initial concentration of MCs and initial pH of electrolyte. In the absence of Cl À , only a small fraction of both MCs were decomposed by direct anodic oxidation, while their almost complete removals could be obtained in the case of indirect electrooxidation with in situ electrogenerated active chlorine from Cl À in water.

Cinnamaldehyde Induces PCD-Like Death of Microcystis aeruginosa via Reactive Oxygen Species

“…Microcystis bloom caused a wide range of social, environmental, and economic problems, such as deterioration of water quality, decrease of the esthetic value of the affected water, and damage of aquaculture industries (Lam et al 1995;Briand et al 2003;Shi et al 2005). In particular, the blooms of Microcystis aeruginosa have caused heavy damages in recent years in China (Guo 2007;Xu et al 2008).…”

“…Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) has been shown to be a liver-tumor promoter (Humpage and Falconer 1999). Besides decreasing the pollution and recovering the ecological environment of affected lakes and ponds, many other approaches including physical, chemical, and biological methods have been developed to control cyanobacterial pollution in emergencies (Fallon and Brock 1979;Nagasaki et al 2004;Shi et al 2005;Mazur-Marzec et al 2006). Most of these approaches cannot be practically applied to remediate cyanobacterial-polluted water bodies completely because of their negative effects on the environment.…”

Photo-assisted electrolytic decomplexation of Cu-EDTA and Cu recovery enhanced by H 2 O 2 and electro-generated active chlorine

“…It was reported that the addition of chloride ions in the electrolyte can increase the electrooxidation removal efficiency of many pollutants such as 2-naphthol, urea and microcystins [15][16][17]. In the case of EDTA, it was reported that in situ generated active chlorine allowed the decomplexation of metal-EDTA, which was beneficial to the metal recovery [18].…”

Degradation of Microcystin-RR by Sphingomonas sp. CBA4 isolated from San Roque reservoir (Córdoba – Argentina)

“…It is, therefore not surprising that conventional drinking water treatments have only limited efficacy in removing dissolved MC (Svrcek & Smith 2004). Many studies have been conducted to solve this important trouble during the last years (Chen et al 2005;Jurczak et al 2005;Qiao et al 2005;Shi et al 2005;Svrcek & Smith 2004).…”