Degradation of materials and fatigue durability of aircraft constructions after long-term operation

Ostash, О. P.; Andreiko, I. M.; Holovatyuk, Yu. V.

doi:10.1007/s11003-006-0098-1

Cited by 26 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Aluminium alloys have a microstructure that can be highly susceptible to intergranular and pitting corrosion, and weathering is recognised as a major cause of structural damage to aircraft structure and coatings (Usmani and Donley, 2002;Russo et al, 2009: Knight et al, 2011, along with long term operations (Ostash et al, 2006), runway deicing chemicals (Huttunen-Saarivirta et al, 2011) and atmospheric pollution and salts (Cole and Paterson, 2009). The degradation of aircraft mechanical components is also connected with mechanical, and corrosion-mechanical (macrocracks) defects, which lead to a decrease in its load-bearing capacity (Ostash et al, 2006). Corrosion has many forms and affects most structural alloys found in airframes: of particular importance is pitting and intergranular corrosion, which can develop into fatigue cracks, stress corrosion cracks or exfoliation (Liao et al, 2008).…”

Section: Other Mechanical Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High-strength aluminium alloys are commonly used as the aircraft fuselage materials in the body and wings, while minor amounts of other elements (Cu, Zn, Mg) may be also present in various airframe components (Wei et al, 1998). Aluminium alloys have a microstructure that can be highly susceptible to intergranular and pitting corrosion, and weathering is recognised as a major cause of structural damage to aircraft structure and coatings (Usmani and Donley, 2002;Russo et al, 2009: Knight et al, 2011, along with long term operations (Ostash et al, 2006), runway deicing chemicals (Huttunen-Saarivirta et al, 2011) and atmospheric pollution and salts (Cole and Paterson, 2009). The degradation of aircraft mechanical components is also connected with mechanical, and corrosion-mechanical (macrocracks) defects, which lead to a decrease in its load-bearing capacity (Ostash et al, 2006).…”

Section: Other Mechanical Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aircraft engine exhaust emissions and other airport-related contributions to ambient air pollution: A review

Masiol

Harrison

2014

Atmospheric Environment

381

228

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h i g h l i g h t sAviation is globally growing (þ5% y À1 ) mainly driven by developing countries. Airport operations cause an increase in ground-level pollution. Chemical and physical properties of the emitted gases and particles are reviewed. An overview of other additional sources within airports is provided. Future research needs on aircraft emissions are highlighted. a b s t r a c tCivil aviation is fast-growing (about þ5% every year), mainly driven by the developing economies and globalisation. Its impact on the environment is heavily debated, particularly in relation to climate forcing attributed to emissions at cruising altitudes and the noise and the deterioration of air quality at groundlevel due to airport operations. This latter environmental issue is of particular interest to the scientific community and policymakers, especially in relation to the breach of limit and target values for many air pollutants, mainly nitrogen oxides and particulate matter, near the busiest airports and the resulting consequences for public health. Despite the increased attention given to aircraft emissions at groundlevel and air pollution in the vicinity of airports, many research gaps remain. Sources relevant to air quality include not only engine exhaust and non-exhaust emissions from aircraft, but also emissions from the units providing power to the aircraft on the ground, the traffic due to the airport ground service, maintenance work, heating facilities, fugitive vapours from refuelling operations, kitchens and restaurants for passengers and operators, intermodal transportation systems, and road traffic for transporting people and goods in and out to the airport. Many of these sources have received inadequate attention, despite their high potential for impact on air quality. This review aims to summarise the state-of-the-art research on aircraft and airport emissions and attempts to synthesise the results of studies that have addressed this issue. It also aims to describe the key characteristics of pollution, the impacts upon global and local air quality and to address the future potential of research by highlighting research needs. Atmospheric Environment 95 (2014) 409e455 x Partitioning coefficient M. Masiol, R.M. Harrison / Atmospheric Environment 95 (2014) 409e455 410

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Section: Other Mechanical Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Other Mechanical Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aircraft engine exhaust emissions and other airport-related contributions to ambient air pollution: A review

Masiol

Harrison

2014

Atmospheric Environment

381

228

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“…-Alloy D16 .9%; Mg = 1.2-1.8%; Fe and Si ≤ 0.5%; Mn = 0.3-0.9%; Cr ≤ 0.1%; Ti ≤ 0.15%; Zn ≤ 0.25%; admixture ≤ 0.15%), used in the production of plating, framing, stringers, longerons of aircrafts and car bodies (Ostash et al 2006;Lebedev, Chausov 2004); -Alloy 2024-T3 (ASTM B209-14, Cu = 4.35%; Mg = 1.50%; Fe = 0.50%; Si = 0.50%; Zn = 0.25%; Ti = 0.15%; Cr = 0.10%; others ≤ 0.20), which is widely used for the outer covering, in particular, of civil aircraft fuselages (Merati 2005;Smith et al 2000); -Alloy VT22 (GOST 19807-91, Fe = 0.5-1.5%; C = up to 0.1%; Si ≤ 0.15%; Cr = 0.5-1.5%; Mo = 4-5.5%; V = 4-5.5%; N ≤ 0.05%; Ti = 79.4-86.3%; Al = 4.4%; Zr ≤ 0.3%; O ≤ 0.18%; H ≤ 0.015%; others ≤ 0.3%), which is traditionally used for the production of vital components of the airframe and chassis of the passenger and heavy transport aircrafts, in particular, Il-96Т, Il-114 (Shakleina, Zamyatin 2010;Moiseev 2000;Zherebtsov 2012); these alloys ensure reliability of aircrafts, a reduction in their mass, and a long service life of their vital components operated under complex modes of loading (tension, bending, etc. ); -Another test material was steel 04Kh18N10…”

Section: Research Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…An indispensable component of aircraft construction is the performance of endurance field tests and laboratory tests of structural elements and materials (Starke, Staley 1996;Ostash et al 2006). Structural materials used in the production of planting of the aircraft fuselage should be resistant to depletion of plasticity and aging (Merati 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of dynamic non-equilibrium processes on strength and plasticity of materials of transportation systems

et al. 2017

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Abstract. New experimental results on the effect of additional force impulse loading on the variation of the initial structure of the aircraft material (alloys D16, 2024-T3, VT22) at various stages of deformation are presented and a significant enhancement of its initial plasticity is achieved. Complex investigations into the material properties after a dynamic non-equilibrium process made it possible to describe the main regularities in the nature of deformation and fracture of materials, which allowed proposing general recommendations on using the revealed physical and mechanical regularities in the evaluation of strength of aircraft structures.

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“…At the same time, the studies on the condition of structural steels for the critical-purpose objects in long-term service (in particular, power engineering [7][8][9][10][11], aviation [12], chemical [13], gas and oil industries, and transportation systems of marketing hydrocarbons [14][15][16][17][18]) pointed to the significant degradation of metal properties due to the effect of different operating factors. Correspondingly, this problem can also concern the steels of the Shukhov towers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Long-Term in-Service Degradation of the Shukhov Tower Elements

et al. 2015

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The condition of old and repair steels of the Shukhov tower elements that were in service for~110 and 70 years, respectively, was analyzed. They were assessed with several mechanical characteristics: hardness, static and impact strength, and plasticity. Both steels are shown to exhibit extra low hardness and brittle fracture resistance, which cannot be explained only by the quality of rolled metal of that time, with lower mechanical characteristics of old steel. It was assumed that in-service degradation of steel properties took place due to the evolution of scattered damage. Larger elongation of old steel at lower hardness and impact strength also points to this fact. It was also found that strength and plasticity of both steels, determined in the medium of synthetic acid rain, were lower than in air. The presence of in-service damages in the bulk of the metal was confirmed fractographically, in the case of possible hydrogen absorption by the specimens from the medium, they initiate brittle fracture in the central part of their cross-section.

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Degradation of materials and fatigue durability of aircraft constructions after long-term operation

Cited by 26 publications

References 5 publications

Aircraft engine exhaust emissions and other airport-related contributions to ambient air pollution: A review

Aircraft engine exhaust emissions and other airport-related contributions to ambient air pollution: A review

Influence of dynamic non-equilibrium processes on strength and plasticity of materials of transportation systems

Analysis of Long-Term in-Service Degradation of the Shukhov Tower Elements

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