Degradation of estrone in water and wastewater by various advanced oxidation processes

Sarkar, Shubhajit; Ali, Sura; Rehmann, Lars; Nakhla, George; Ray, Madhumita B.

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.05.078

Cited by 75 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Also, it is observed that the presence of hydrogen peroxide up to 10 mg/L could significantly enhance the degradation of EE2, while further increase of its concentration to 20 mg/L does not significantly affect process efficiency. Similar findings have been reported by other studies [15,26,27], yet the investigation of hydrogen peroxide addition in environmentally relevant EE2 matrices, under UVC irradiation, had been a missing element in literature. In general, hydrogen peroxide is expected to promote UVC photolysis as it absorbs in the range of 200-290 nm and yields hydroxyl radicals which could then enhance EE2 indirect photolytic degradation [23,26].…”

Section: Uvc/h 2 O 2 Treatmentsupporting

confidence: 89%

UV and simulated solar photodegradation of 17α-ethynylestradiol in secondary-treated wastewater by hydrogen peroxide or iron addition

et al. 2015

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Please cite this article in press as: Z. Frontistis, et al., UV and simulated solar photodegradation of 17␣-ethynylestradiol in secondarytreated wastewater by hydrogen peroxide or iron addition, Catal. Today (2014), http://dx. a b s t r a c tThe extensive use of estrogens and their release, through various pathways, into the environment, constitutes an emerging environmental problem that poses serious threats onto public health. In this work the efficiency of UVC/H 2 O 2 and solar/Fe 2+ treatment to degrade 17␣-ethynylestradiol (EE2) in environmentally relevant concentrations of 100 g/L in secondary-treated wastewater matrices was investigated. Also, photolytic treatment was performed under different irradiation sources, namely UVC, UVA and simulated solar light. The effect of H 2 O 2 (0-20 mg/L) and Fe 2+ (0-15 mg/L) concentration was investigated and, at optimal operating parameters, EE2 removal was 100% after 15 min of UVC/H 2 O 2 treatment, while EE2 removal reached 86% after 60 min of solar/Fe 2+ treatment. In addition, the effect of water matrix and pH was studied. Total organic carbon (TOC) and yeast estrogen screening (YES) measurements showed the formation of stable intermediate products during EE2 treatment and an attempt to elucidate the reaction pathways and mechanisms through the identification of transformation products (TPs) by means of UPLC-MS/MS was made. Several TPs, including quinone methide and 1,2-quinone derivatives, were identified and competing pathways were suggested, in which hydroxylation, alkylation, dealkylation, demethylation and dehydroxylation, amongst others were described as major transformation mechanisms.

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Section: Uvc/h 2 O 2 Treatmentsupporting

confidence: 89%

UV and simulated solar photodegradation of 17α-ethynylestradiol in secondary-treated wastewater by hydrogen peroxide or iron addition

et al. 2015

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“…This increase in estrogenic compound concentration may be a response to the electron flow (induced electric field) produced by EC, which encourages an ion-induced dipole interaction for the compounds, making them more polar and increasing their solubility in water (a polar liquid) (Schwarzenbach et al, 2003b). The dipole moment and solubility in water is also influenced by the polarizability of the compounds (Schwarzenbach et al, 2003a). Because some of these estrogenic compounds have homologs and all have complex conjugated electron systems, they have higher polarizability (Schwarzenbach et al, 2003b).…”

Section: Electrical Energy Per Ordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Estrogenic Compounds from Water Via Energy Efficient Sequential Electrocoagulation-Electrooxidation

Maher

O’Malley

Dollhopf

et al. 2020

Environmental Engineering Science

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The purpose of this study was to investigate energy reduction using electrocoagulation (EC) followed by electrooxidation (EO) targeting initial removal of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) during EC and subsequent removal of estrogenic compounds in EO. EC offers benefits over conventional coagulation such as in situ generation of coagulant but is not practical for removing estrogenic compounds. Advanced oxidation processes, including EO, can effectively remove micropollutants such as estrogenic compounds but are hindered by the presence of bulk organic matter. This study investigated four estrogenic compounds from the U.S. EPA's Contaminant Candidate List: estrone (E1), 17b-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), and 17a-ethynylestradiol (EE2). First, EC (iron electrodes) was employed to remove humic acid and improve downstream removal of estrogenic compounds while reducing overall energy consumption in EO (boron-doped diamond electrodes). The sequential EC and EO system effectively reduced overall electrical energy per order (EEO) by more than half compared with EO alone for each estrogenic compound. The system also effectively removed humic acid and estrogenic compounds. An EC current density of 8.88 mA/cm 2 and electrolysis time of 8 min with a flocculation stir rate of 40 rpm (G = 23 s-1) achieved the greatest DOC and UV-VIS 254 removal. EO treatment achieved the highest estrogenic compound removal at a current density of 22.2 mA/cm 2. Initial humic acid sodium salt concentration (0-60 mg/L C) had an effect on EC iron dose and estrogenic compound removal. The EEO for EC-EO treatments was lower than EC alone, EO alone, UV photolysis, UV photocatalysis, and ozone but was higher than a photocatalytic reactor membrane and UV/H 2 O 2. Overall, the EC-EO system was effective at removing bulk organic matter during EC and estrogenic compounds during EO. EC-EO reduced overall energy demand, indicating that this system should be developed further as an advanced technology that could efficiently remove micropollutants.

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“…The presence of estrogens in wastewater-treatment plants (WWTPs) has been reported in many countries, such as Brazil, Canada, and Italy, implying that the methods employed in WWTPs do not degrade estrogens. Hence, new methods should be adapted to degrade micropollutants such as EDCs [2]. To the best of our knowledge, there is no cost-effective treatment barrier to prevent chronic exposure to EDCs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LP-UV-Nano MgO2 Pretreated Catalysis Followed by Small Bioreactor Platform Capsules Treatment for Superior Kinetic Degradation Performance of 17α-Ethynylestradiol

et al. 2019

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A successful attempt to degrade synthetic estrogen 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) is demonstrated via combining photocatalysis employing magnesium peroxide (MgO2)/low-pressure ultraviolet (LP-UV) treatment followed by biological treatment using small bioreactor platform (SBP) capsules. Reusable MgO2 was synthesized through wet chemical synthesis and extensively characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) for phase confirmation, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for elemental composition, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) to explain a specific surface area, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging surface morphology, and UV-visible (Vis) spectrophotometry. The degradation mechanism of EE2 by MgO2/LP-UV consisted of LP-UV photolysis of H2O2 in situ (produced by the catalyst under ambient conditions) to generate hydroxyl radicals, and the degradation extent depended on both MgO2 and UV dose. Moreover, the catalyst was successfully reusable for the removal of EE2. Photocatalytic treatment by MgO2 alone required 60 min (~1700 mJ/cm2) to remove 99% of the EE2, whereas biodegradation by SBP capsules alone required 24 h to remove 86% of the EE2, and complete removal was not reached. The sequential treatment of photocatalysis and SBP biodegradation to achieve complete removal required only 25 min of UV (~700 mJ/cm2) and 4 h of biodegradation (instead of >24 h). The combination of UV photocatalysis and biodegradation produced a greater level of EE2 degradation at a lower LP-UV dose and at less biodegradation time than either treatment used separately, proving that synergetic photocatalysis and biodegradation are effective treatments for degrading EE2.

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Degradation of estrone in water and wastewater by various advanced oxidation processes

Cited by 75 publications

References 49 publications

UV and simulated solar photodegradation of 17α-ethynylestradiol in secondary-treated wastewater by hydrogen peroxide or iron addition

UV and simulated solar photodegradation of 17α-ethynylestradiol in secondary-treated wastewater by hydrogen peroxide or iron addition

Removal of Estrogenic Compounds from Water Via Energy Efficient Sequential Electrocoagulation-Electrooxidation

LP-UV-Nano MgO2 Pretreated Catalysis Followed by Small Bioreactor Platform Capsules Treatment for Superior Kinetic Degradation Performance of 17α-Ethynylestradiol

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