Degradation of eschar from venous leg ulcers using a recombinant chymotrypsin from <i>Lucilia sericata</i>

Telford, Gary; Brown, Alan; Seabra, R.; Horobin, Adele; Rich, Anna; English, J.; Pritchard, David

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09854.x

Cited by 45 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…At present, maggot debridement is explained to result from direct enzymatic activity of the excretions/secretions of maggots involving serine proteases, chemotrypsins, glycosidases, DNases and lipases [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21]. It has been reported that, after debridement has been accomplished by maggots, minor bleeding may occur [22] Surprisingly, investigations on the effects of maggots on haemostatic processes have never been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Serine Protease Secreted by Medicinal Maggots Enhances Plasminogen Activator-Induced Fibrinolysis

et al. 2014

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Maggots of the blowfly Lucilia sericata are used for the treatment of chronic wounds. As haemostatic processes play an important role in wound healing, this study focused on the effects of maggot secretions on coagulation and fibrinolysis. The results showed that maggot secretions enhance plasminogen activator-induced formation of plasmin and fibrinolysis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. By contrast, coagulation was not affected by secretions. Biochemical studies indicated that a novel serine protease within secretions, designated Sericase, cleaved plasminogen to several fragments. Recombinant Sericase degraded plasminogen leading amongst others to the formation of the mini-plasminogen like fragment Val454-plasminogen. In addition, the presence of a non-proteolytic cofactor in secretions was discovered, which plays a role in the enhancement of plasminogen activator-induced fibrinolysis by Sericase. We conclude from our in vitro studies that the novel serine protease Sericase, with the aid of a non-proteolytic cofactor, enhances plasminogen activator-induced fibrinolysis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Serine Protease Secreted by Medicinal Maggots Enhances Plasminogen Activator-Induced Fibrinolysis

et al. 2014

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“…Vistnes et al [11] used animal models to demonstrate that the maggots' digestive enzymes were capable of dissolving necrotic tissue and identified several proteases. More recent studies of larval ASE help us see just how these proteolytic enzymes fit into the context of debridement and wound healing, for we now know that they include a wide array of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), including at least the trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like serine proteases, an aspartyl proteinase, and an exopeptidase-like MMP, active across a wide pH range [12–14]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Maggot-Induced Wound Healing: What Do We Know, and Where Do We Go from Here?

Sherman

2014

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

121

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Medicinal maggots are believed to have three major mechanisms of action on wounds, brought about chemically and through physical contact: debridement (cleaning of debris), disinfection, and hastened wound healing. Until recently, most of the evidence for these claims was anecdotal; but the past 25 years have seen an increase in the use and study of maggot therapy. Controlled clinical studies are now available, along with laboratory investigations that examine the interaction of maggot and host on a cellular and molecular level. This review was undertaken to extract the salient data, make sense, where possible, of seemingly conflicting evidence, and reexamine our paradigm for maggot-induced wound healing. Clinical and laboratory data strongly support claims of effective and efficient debridement. Clinical evidence for hastened wound healing is meager, but laboratory studies and some small, replicated clinical studies strongly suggest that maggots do promote tissue growth and wound healing, though it is likely only during and shortly after the period when they are present on the wound. The best way to evaluate—and indeed realize—maggot-induced wound healing may be to use medicinal maggots as a “maintenance debridement” modality, applying them beyond the point of gross debridement.

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“…Maggot ES contain a mix of different extracellular proteases. These proteases play a crucial role in cleaning the wound bed of chronic wounds during MDT [30, 31]. Three groups of proteolytic enzymes (metalloproteinases, serine and aspartyl proteases) were identified in the maggot ES products [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Antibiofilm Effects ofLucilia sericataLarvae Secretions/Excretions against Wound Pathogens

Bohova

Majtán

et al. 2014

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Background. Maggot debridement therapy (MDT), using Lucilia sericata larvae, represents efficient, simple, and low-cost therapy for the treatment of chronic wounds. Aim. The aim was to investigate the antibiofilm activity of maggot excretions/secretions (ES) against biofilm of wound isolates Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Enterobacter cloacae (E. cloacae), and Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis). Methods. Quantification of biofilm formation, was carried out using a microtiter plate assay. Proteolytic activity of maggot ES was performed using skim milk agar plates. A solid phase extraction and reverse phase HPLC C18 chromatography were employed to the isolate of maggot ES antibiofilm compounds. Results. Maggot ES at 100 mg/mL concentration significantly reduced biofilm formation thus disrupting established biofilm of E. cloacae. Heat-treated ES did not show any antibiofilm activity towards E. cloacae. Similar results were obtained in the case of S. aureus; however, the heat-treatment of maggot ES did not affect its antibiofilm activity. Moreover, a compound with molecular weight of 25 kDa exhibiting antibiofilm activity was identified in maggot ES. On the other hand, maggot ES protected and even stimulated P. mirabilis biofilm formation. Conclusions. Our results suggest that maggot ES may act selectively against different bacterial strain.

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Degradation of eschar from venous leg ulcers using a recombinant chymotrypsin from Lucilia sericata

Abstract: The ex vivo degradation of eschar from venous leg ulcers indicates the potential value of recombinant chymotrypsin I as a novel, stand-alone debridement agent.

Cited by 45 publications

References 20 publications

A Novel Serine Protease Secreted by Medicinal Maggots Enhances Plasminogen Activator-Induced Fibrinolysis

A Novel Serine Protease Secreted by Medicinal Maggots Enhances Plasminogen Activator-Induced Fibrinolysis

Mechanisms of Maggot-Induced Wound Healing: What Do We Know, and Where Do We Go from Here?

Selective Antibiofilm Effects ofLucilia sericataLarvae Secretions/Excretions against Wound Pathogens

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