Degradation of chlorophyll and synthesis of flavonols during autumn senescence—the story told by individual leaves

Mattila, Heta; Valev, Dimitar; Havurinne, Vesa; Khorobrykh, Sergey; Virtanen, Olli; Antinluoma, Mikko; Mishra, Kumud Bandhu; Tyystjärvi, Esa

doi:10.1093/aobpla/ply028

Cited by 58 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…Until recently, leaf flavonol contents were generally considered not to increase during autumn, because of the presumed inefficiency of investing in leaves at the end of their life (reviewed by Wilkinson et al 2002). However, Mattila et al (2018) found that flavonols increase prior to and during autumn senescence in the tree species B. pendula and Sorbus aucuparia . Accordingly, we report an autumn increase in adaxial epidermal flavonol content in A. platanoides and Q. robur seedlings, as well as understory A. podagraria , and wintergreen F. vesca (Weeks 35-40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Understory light quality affects leaf pigments and leaf phenology in different plant functional types

Brelsford

et al. 2019

Preprint

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7Understory plant species take on different functional strategies, whereby some exploit periods 1 8 of available light in springtime before the canopy closes, and others also benefit from sunlight 1 9 later in autumn when the canopy opens again. These strategies involve understory species 2 0 coordinating phenological events to pre-empt canopy leaf out and to extend their growing 2 1 season beyond canopy leaf senescence, meanwhile accumulating photo-protective pigments 2 2 which mitigate periods of high-light exposure. Canopy closure brings shade to the understory, 2 3 but also causes drastic changes in light quality. Whilst many experiments manipulating spectral 2 4 quality have revealed understory plant responses to the changing R:FR ratio in shade, effect of 2 5 the blue and UV regions have been examined very little. We installed filters attenuating short 2 6 wavelength regions of the solar spectrum in a forest understory in southern Finland, creating the 2 7 following treatments: a transparent control filter, and filters attenuating UV radiation < 350 nm, 2 8 all UV radiation, and both UV and blue light. In eight understory species, representing different 2 9 plant functional types, we repeatedly assessed leaf optical properties to obtain epidermal 3 0 flavonol and anthocyanin contents from leaf emergence in spring to leaf senescence in autumn, 3 1 during both 2017 and 2018. Flavonols responded more to seasonal changes in light quality in 3 2 relatively light-demanding species than in shade-tolerant and wintergreen species; and were 3 3 particularly responsive to blue light. However, anthocyanins were largely unaffected by our 3 4 filter treatments, suggesting that other cues such as cold temperatures govern their seasonal 3 5 variation. UV radiation only accelerated leaf senescence in Acer platanoides seedlings, but blue 3 6 light accelerated leaf senescence in all species measured apart from Quercus robur. In 3 7 summary, seasonal changes in understory solar radiation in the blue and UV regions affected 3 8 leaf pigments and leaf phenology; particularly for more light-demanding species. An increase in 3 9 canopy duration under climate change will extend the period of shade in the understory, with 4 0 consequences for the spectral cues available to understory plants. The resultant reduction in 4 1 blue and UV radiation in shade, could delay leaf senescence in the understory even further. 4 2

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Understory light quality affects leaf pigments and leaf phenology in different plant functional types

Brelsford

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…We found that OsSIRH2‐14 overexpression plants accumulated lower levels of H 2 O 2 compared with WT plants under the 200‐mM NaCl condition (Figure S5) but did not differ from WT under the 0‐mM NaCl condition. ROS compounds generated by salinity stress can lead to chlorophyll degradation and reduced photosynthetic activity (Mattila et al, ). Contents of both chlorophyll a (increase of approximately 2.3‐fold in #1 and 2.4‐fold in #2) and chlorophyll b (increase of approximately 2.6‐fold in #1 and threefold in #2) was significantly higher in transgenic plants compared with WT plants under 200‐mM NaCl treatment (Figure h,j).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Values represent means ± standard deviation, ns, nonsignificant, * P < .05, ** P < .01, and *** P < .001, two-tailed Student's t test [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com] condition. ROS compounds generated by salinity stress can lead to chlorophyll degradation and reduced photosynthetic activity (Mattila et al, 2018). Contents of both chlorophyll a (increase of approximately 2.3-fold in #1 and 2.4-fold in #2) and chlorophyll b (increase of approximately 2.6-fold in #1 and threefold in #2) was significantly higher in transgenic plants compared with WT plants under 200-mM NaCl treatment (Figure 2h,j).…”

Section: Expression and Subcellular Localization Of Ossirh2-14 E3 Lmentioning

confidence: 96%

A rice really interesting new gene H2‐type E3 ligase, OsSIRH2‐14, enhances salinity tolerance via ubiquitin/26S proteasome‐mediated degradation of salt‐related proteins

Park

Lim

Moon

et al. 2019

Plant Cell & Environment

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Salinity is a deleterious abiotic stress factor that affects growth, productivity, and physiology of crop plants. Strategies for improving salinity tolerance in plants are critical for crop breeding programmes. Here, we characterized the rice (Oryza sativa) really interesting new gene (RING) H2‐type E3 ligase, OsSIRH2‐14 (previously named OsRFPH2‐14), which plays a positive role in salinity tolerance by regulating salt‐related proteins including an HKT‐type Na+ transporter (OsHKT2;1). OsSIRH2‐14 expression was induced in root and shoot tissues treated with NaCl. The OsSIRH2‐14‐EYFP fusion protein was predominately expressed in the cytoplasm, Golgi, and plasma membrane of rice protoplasts. In vitro pull‐down assays and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays revealed that OsSIRH2‐14 interacts with salt‐related proteins, including OsHKT2;1. OsSIRH2‐14 E3 ligase regulates OsHKT2;1 via the 26S proteasome system under high NaCl concentrations but not under normal conditions. Compared with wild type plants, OsSIRH2‐14‐overexpressing rice plants showed significantly enhanced salinity tolerance and reduced Na+ accumulation in the aerial shoot and root tissues. These results suggest that the OsSIRH2‐14 RING E3 ligase positively regulates the salinity stress response by modulating the stability of salt‐related proteins.

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“…Also, the typical pattern of Chl and anthocyanins content changes during lifespan of leaves is well known, nevertheless, the dynamics of those changes is still unspecified. On the other hand, there is a lack of data describing the changes of flavonols content in leaves during the growing season, except the newest paper of Mattila et al (2018), in which authors described the changes of flavonols content in leaves of four tree species during senescence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Special issue in honour of Prof. Reto J. Strasser - Development and aging of photosynthetic apparatus of Vitis vinifera L. during growing season

Sitko¹,

Rusinowski²,

Pogrzeba³

et al. 2020

Photosynt.

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The aim of this study was to examine the development and aging of chosen grapevine leaves in situ during the growing season (130 d) using chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence measurements and determining the changes in pigment contents. During the course of photosystems development, the increase of Chl and decrease of anthocyanin contents in leaves was observed simultaneously. On 28 th day, the maximum content of Chl and minimum content of anthocyanins was measured. However, the maximal photosynthetic performance was found one week later, when the content of Chl started to diminish. Our study proved that the achievement of maximal photosynthetic performance of each leaf took about quarter of organ life and this state lasted very shortly. In this work, we described and discussed for the first time the dynamics of Chl, anthocyanins, and flavonols combined with photosynthetic efficiency changes during the leaf life in situ. Abbreviations: ABS/CS -absorption flux per CS; CS -excited cross section of leaf; DI/CS -dissipation energy flux per CS; ET/CSelectron transport per CS; F0 -minimal fluorescence, when all PSII RCs are open (at t = 0); Fm -maximal fluorescence, when all PSII RCs are closed; Ft -fluorescence at time t; Fv -maximal variable fluorescence; PIABS -performance index (potential) for energy conservation from photons absorbed by PSII to the reduction of intersystem electron acceptors; RC/CS -percentage of active reaction centers per CS; TR/CS -trapped energy flux per CS; Vt -relative variable fluorescence at time t; δR0 -probability with which an electron from the intersystem electron carriers will move to reduce the end acceptors at the PSI acceptor side; φD0 -quantum yield (at t = 0) of energy dissipation; φE0 -quantum yield of electron transport (at t = 0); φP0 -maximum quantum yield of primary photochemistry (at t = 0); φR0 -quantum yield for reduction of end electron acceptors at the PSI acceptor side; ψE0 -probability (at t = 0) that a trapped exciton moves an electron into the electron transport chain beyond QA. Authors dedicate the present paper to Professor Dr. Reto Jörg Strasser for his magnificent input to the wide application of chlorophyll a fluorescence in physiological research and inestimable inspiration.

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Degradation of chlorophyll and synthesis of flavonols during autumn senescence—the story told by individual leaves

Cited by 58 publications

References 62 publications

Understory light quality affects leaf pigments and leaf phenology in different plant functional types

Understory light quality affects leaf pigments and leaf phenology in different plant functional types

A rice really interesting new gene H2‐type E3 ligase, OsSIRH2‐14, enhances salinity tolerance via ubiquitin/26S proteasome‐mediated degradation of salt‐related proteins

Special issue in honour of Prof. Reto J. Strasser - Development and aging of photosynthetic apparatus of Vitis vinifera L. during growing season

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