Degradation of carbamate herbicides in soil

Kaufman, Donald D.

doi:10.1021/jf60152a015

Cited by 87 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…5 In general, the degradation pathways of thiocarbamate herbicides such as EPTC, vernolate and diallate in soil have not been clarified, although it was observed that 14C-carbon dioxide was liberated from 14C-EPTC in the soil and by microorganisms.67 Kaufman suggested the possible degradation pathway. 7 From the results of the present investigation, a possible degradation pathway of benthiocarb in the soil is proposed (Fig. 6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…This route is nearly the same as Kaufman's proposed metabolic pathway for EPTC and other thiocarbamate herbicides in animals and plants. 7 However, he did The third route involves hydroxylation of the benzene ring to form 2-hydroxybenthiocarb, which is perhaps hydrolyzed in the form of the desethyl analogue and/or the compound itself and then oxidized subsequently in the same processes as those of the first pathway described.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Degradation of Benthiocarb Herbicide in Soil

1976

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of Benthiocarb Herbicide in Soil

1976

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“…Complete mineralization has been observed also with aniline, 22 and 3-chloroaniline. 23 The degradation in soils, as shown in Table 2, is generally low for substituted anilines. 57 …”

Section: Reaction Products and Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fate of anilines and related compounds in the environment. A review

Adrian

Andreux²,

Viswanathan

et al. 1989

Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry

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The environmental aspects of the fate of anilines and related compounds are examined. They include the ecotoxicological aspects, the physico-chemical and (bio)chemical reactions in the gas phase, aquatic environments, plants and soil. The particularity of this class of substances is the formation of "bound residues" in high quantities, up to 95% in soil within one vegetation period. Some new results on the catalytically induced incorporation of anilines in soil organic matter are presented.

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“…It seems that the bioremediation of mancozeb in our case, however small it may be, by the P. fluorescens SM1 strain would also be enzyme mediated. Principal reaction in the degradation of dithiocarbamates is believed to be the formation of an alcohol, carbon disulfide, and an amine (Kaufman 1967).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suitability of Immobilized Pseudomonas fluorescens SM1 Strain for Remediation of Phenols, Heavy Metals, and Pesticides from Water

Wasi

Tabrez

Ahmad

2011

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Immobilized microbial cells for the biological treatment have the potential to degrade toxic chemicals faster than conventional wastewater treatment systems. In the present study, suitability of immobilized Pseudomonas fluorescens SM1 strain in calcium alginate beads for remediation of the major toxicants in Indian water bodies was tested by means of GC/HPLC and AAS techniques. Roughly 80% reduction in the concentration of phenols was observed by immobilized SM1 cells compared with 60% by the free cells. Also, in the case of the bioremediation of heavy metals, immobilized SM1 cells were found to be more efficient compared with the free cells. Suspension of P. fluorescens SM1 cells in the test model water for 24 h brought down the concentrations of Cu ++ , Cd ++ , Ni ++ , and Pb ++ by more than 75% under free cell state and 7-9% better efficiency under the immobilized conditions. However, Cr(VI) could show only 44% removal by the cell immobilized system, whereas a mere 35% reduction in the Cr(VI) levels was shown in the test model water by the free SM1 cells under the same conditions. Moreover, a model water containing 2,000 ppb of BHC, 1,248 ppb mancozeb, and 312 ppb 2,4-D passed through the cell immobilized column resulted in the decline in their concentrations up to 362 ppb, 750 ppb, and 126 ppb, respectively. Generally, AAS, HPLC, and GC analyses of treated test model waters with the free and immobilized SM1 cells exhibited high potential of immobilized SM1 in detoxification of test water. From the results, we conclude that immobilized cells of P. fluorescens SM1 strain were quite effective in bioremediation of major toxicants present in Indian water bodies, and we also recommend the use of immobilized bacterial cells rather than the free cells for the bioremediation/ detoxification process.

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Degradation of carbamate herbicides in soil

Cited by 87 publications

References 40 publications

Degradation of Benthiocarb Herbicide in Soil

Degradation of Benthiocarb Herbicide in Soil

Fate of anilines and related compounds in the environment. A review

Suitability of Immobilized Pseudomonas fluorescens SM1 Strain for Remediation of Phenols, Heavy Metals, and Pesticides from Water

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