Degradation of benzothiophene in diesel oil by LaZnAl layered double hydroxide: photocatalytic performance and mechanism

Abstract

A new type of photocatalytic La 3?-Zn 2?-Al 3?-MoO 4 2layered double hydroxide (LDH) material (molar ratio, La/Zn/ Al = 1:7:2) was prepared by a complexing agent-assisted homogeneous precipitation technique. The structure of the prepared LDH material was systematically studied. Under UV irradiation, the desulfurization efficiency of the LDH material was 87% in 2 h. For La 3?-Zn 2?-Al 3?-MoO 4 2-LDH material, the introduction of MoO 4 2increased the interlayer space for promoting the adsorption of benzothiophene (BT), and MoO 4 2might provide active sites for the oxidation of BT, resulting in the high desulfurization efficiency.

The production of clean diesel fuel by facile sun light photocatalytic desulfurization process using Cd-based diacetate as a novel liquid photocatalyst

“…In conventional photocatalytic processes, oxidized sulfur compounds are readily eliminated either by sorption on the surface of the used photo-catalyst (Gao et al, 2019;Liu et al, 2018;Zhang, W. et al, 2017) or by solvent extraction (Dharaskar et al, 2018;Morshedy et al, 2016). Practically, under selected experimental conditions, the biphasic liquid system ''Cd(CH 3 COO) 2 /diesel/H 2 O 2 00 shows higher sulfur removal than the heterogeneous system ''CdOx NPs/diesel/H 2 O 2 /AcOH''.…”

Ultradeep Hydrodesulfurization of Diesel: Mechanisms, Catalyst Design Strategies, and Challenges

“…Adding some chelating agents to the precursor, such as ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), urea, nitriloacetic acid (NTA), and ethylenediamine, can significantly improve the HDS activity of the catalyst. [125][126][127]129 Generally, Co begins to vulcanize at 50 °C and ends at 150 °C, which is earlier than Mo, which is fully vulcanized at >175 °C. Obviously, this means that the promoter is sulfided before the MoS 2 active phase is formed.…”

“…The type of the active metal precursor for catalyst preparation may greatly affect the metal oxide’s reducibility, the catalyst’s HDS performance, and how the active metal disperses. − Mostly, there are two main sources of active metal precursors. One is from different salts containing single active metals, such as ammonium molybdate and nickel nitrate .…”

“…Complexing agents are usually organic complexes that active metals (mainly promoters) can easily combine with, thereby delaying their vulcanization, which contributes to the formation of highly active Type II Co–Mo–S active phases. Adding some chelating agents to the precursor, such as ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), urea, nitriloacetic acid (NTA), and ethylenediamine, can significantly improve the HDS activity of the catalyst. − , …”

Aerobic oxidative desulfurization via magnetic mesoporous silica-supported tungsten oxide catalysts

“…Conventional hydrodesulfurization (HDS) has been widely applied in many industrial fields. However, it is inefficient to remove refractory sulfur components such as dibenzothiophene (DBT) and its derivatives with HDS under mild conditions (Behnejad et al 2019;Gao et al 2019;Jiang et al 2020). In addition, high temperature and high pressure increase the cost of this technology (Shen et al 2015).…”