Degradation of atrazine by hydrolysis and by hydroxyl radicals

Chan, G. Y. S.; Hudson, Michael J.; Isaacs, Neil S.

doi:10.1002/poc.610050908

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Atrazine, like other herbicides of the s-triazine group, is barely oxidized by ozone [4][5][6] and hence causes problems in drinking-water processing. For this reason, atrazine degradation has been studied in several OH-radical-generating systems including H 2 O 2 /UV [3,[7][8][9][10][11][12], O 3 /H 2 O 2 [4], O 3 /UV [6,13], TiO 2 /UV [14][15][16], Fe 2+ /H 2 O 2 [17,18], ultrasound [19] and γ-radiation [20]. Atrazine itself strongly absorbs in the UV, the wavelength region that has to be used for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, and because atrazine is photolabile (for photolytic studies see [8,11,[21][22][23][24]), OH-radical reactions and photolytic decomposition both contribute to its destruction when the photolysis of hydrogen peroxide is used to generate OH radicals (cf.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Products and Kinetics of the OH-radical-induced Dealkylation of Atrazine

Tauber

Sonntag

2000

Acta hydrochim. hydrobiol.

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Hydroxyl radicals, generated radiolytically in N2O/O2‐saturated solutions, yield in their reaction with atrazine equal amounts of deethylatrazine and acetaldehyde (40% of OH radical yield) and deisopropylatrazine and acetone (16%), respectively. The precursors of deethylatrazine and acetaldehyde is their Schiff base which hydrolyzes slowly (OH–‐catalyzed: k = 5.2 dm3 mol–1 s–1). The hydrolysis of the Schiff base of deisopropylatrazine and acetone is too fast to be detected. In a pulse radiolysis experiment, the intermediate formed upon OH‐radical attack (k = 3·109 dm3 mol–1 s–1) has a strong absorption at 440 nm. It decays in the presence of oxygen (k = 1.3·109 dm3 mol–1 s–1), and upon deprotonation [pKa(peroxyl radicals) ≈ 10.5] the peroxyl radicals thus‐formed eliminate superoxide radicals (k = 2.9·105 s–1). s‐Triazine itself reacts much more slowly with OH radicals (k = 9.7·107 dm3 mol–1 s–1). This can explain, why in the case of atrazine in comparison to other aromatic compounds, e.g. toluene, the addition of the OH radical to the ring (estimated at ca. 40%) is of relatively little importance as compared to an H‐abstraction from (activated) positions of the side groups.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dealkylation products, e.g. deethyl-and deisopropylatrazine from atrazine, are formed upon OH-radical attack in the presence of oxygen [4,9,10,15], and from a mechanistic point of view it is of interest to understand details of this reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Products and Kinetics of the OH-radical-induced Dealkylation of Atrazine

Tauber

Sonntag

2000

Acta hydrochim. hydrobiol.

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“…Although chemical pretreatment enhanced the biodegradation and mineralization of 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4,5-trichlorophenol, organophosphate, and several other pesticides, it could not improve the mineralization potential of triazines [76]. Atrazine was also not mineralized by H 2 O 2 -UV but cyanuric acid was the final product [77].…”

Section: Chemical Degradationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Environmental significance of atrazine in aqueous systems and its removal by biological processes: an overview

Ghosh¹,

Philip²

2013

Global NEST Journal

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Atrazine, a chlorinated s-triazine group of herbicide is one of the most widely used pesticides in the World. Due to its extensive use, long half-life and various toxic properties, it has very high environmental significance. Up to 22 mg l -1 of atrazine was found in ground water whereas permissible limit of atrazine is in ppb level in drinking water. As per Indian standard there should not be any pesticide present in drinking water. Among many other treatment processes available, Incineration, adsorption, chemical treatment, phytoremediation and biodegradation are the most commonly used ones. Biological degradation of atrazine depends upon various factors like the operating environment, external carbon and nitrogen sources, carbon/ nitrogen ratio (C/N), water content and the bacterial strain. Although, general atrazine degradation pathways are available, the specific pathways in specific conditions are not yet clearly defined.In this paper extensive review has been made on the occurrence of atrazine in surface and ground water bodies, probable sources and causes of its occurrence in water environment, the toxicity of atrazine on various living organisms and its removal by biological processes.

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“…Excessive concentration of pesticides in drinking water has led to the development of assays for their determination [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] and removal [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. The serious problem of supplying water, given the presence of pesticides, induced us to research organic substances able to remove herbicides such as atrazine and terbuthylazine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of pesticides from water samples by adsorption with fatty acids supported on barium sulphate

Castellani

Pucciarelli

Ferraro

1999

Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry

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Oleic or linoleic acid supported on barium sulphate was used to remove atrazine and terbuthylazine in the range of 0.1-2.0 µg/L using spiked water samples. The sorption of atrazine depends on the stirring time and the best value is 150 min. Terbuthylazine is removed well with a stirring time of 60 min and its adsorption is about 90%. Detection of the residual pesticide in treated waters, after solid phase extraction (SPE), was carried out by GC-MS operating in selected ion monitoring (SIM) using a calibration curve by direct injection of standard solutions of herbicide.

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Degradation of atrazine by hydrolysis and by hydroxyl radicals

Cited by 17 publications

References 12 publications

Products and Kinetics of the OH-radical-induced Dealkylation of Atrazine

Products and Kinetics of the OH-radical-induced Dealkylation of Atrazine

Environmental significance of atrazine in aqueous systems and its removal by biological processes: an overview

Removal of pesticides from water samples by adsorption with fatty acids supported on barium sulphate

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