Degradation and defluorination of 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonamidoalkyl betaine and 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate by Gordonia sp. strain NB4-1Y under sulfur-limiting conditions

Shaw, Dayton M.J.; Munoz, Gabriel; Bottos, Eric; Duy, Sung Vo; Sauvé, Sébastien; Liu, Jinxia; Hamme, Jonathan D. Van

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.012

Cited by 132 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…While concentrations of PFHxA decreased in reactor Groups 2 and 4 by 25% and 13%, respectively, and slightly increased in reactor 3 by 13%, there was no change in PFHxA concentration in Group 1 (highest Epsom salt concentration) reactors. These trends indicate PFHxA was not a significant transformation product as has been identified in other studies (Shaw et al, and Zhang, Merino, Wang, Ruan, & Lu, ). The decreasing PFHxA concentrations are probably associated with adsorption to the soil or to reactors’ surfaces.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

“…While PFHxA decreased in concentration in reactor Groups 2 and 4 by 25% and 13%, respectively, and slightly increased in reactor 3 by 13%, there was no change in PFHxA concentration in Group 1 reactors. These trends indicate PFHxA was not a significant transformation product as it has been identified in other research (Shaw et al, ; and Zhang et al, ) noted above and the decreasing concentrations are probably associated with some adsorption to the reactor soils. Transformation of 6:2 FTS to PFHpA has been described in a number of research papers, but it has been usually described as a minor transformation product compared to PFHxA and other telomers (such as 5:3 FTA).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 63%

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Evaluation of the effects of PFAS soil adsorption and transformation in the presence of divalent cations under ambient conditions

Eberle¹,

Edelman²,

Denly

et al. 2019

Remediation Journal

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A bench-scale study was conducted to evaluate the effect of divalent cations on the adsorption of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) onto soil particles.The study entailed batch testing of a synthetic soil mixture under a range of Epsom salt (soluble magnesium sulfate heptahydrate) concentrations. The synthetic soil was produced using a mix of sand, silt, clay, and organic matter that then was mixed and saturated with water collected from a PFAS-impacted water source. The results indicate that variable concentrations of magnesium (divalent cation) had a minor effect on the sorption of perfluorooctane sulfonate with the highest sorption occurring in the strongest solution of Epsom salt. An unanticipated result of the test involved apparent biomediated transformation of polyfluorinated alkylated sulfonates (fluorotelomers or FTS) to perfluorooctanoic acid, perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA), and perfluorononanoic acid. We believe this is the first time the complete transformation of 6:2 FTS to PFHpA has been observed and reported under ambient surface water-like conditions within 6 months, a relatively short timeframe.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 63%

Evaluation of the effects of PFAS soil adsorption and transformation in the presence of divalent cations under ambient conditions

Eberle¹,

Edelman²,

Denly

et al. 2019

Remediation Journal

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“…Much of what is known about microbial PFAS metabolism has been derived from chemical analyses of soil, water, groundwater and sediment, mass balance studies of sewage treatment systems (reviewed by Ahrens and Bundschuh 2014;Liu and Mejia Avendaño 2013), and in vitro microcosm studies using aerobic (D'Agostino and Mabury 2017; Liu and Liu 2016;Liu et al 2010;Wang et al 2005;Zhang et al 2016) or anaerobic (Zhang et al 2016) mixed cultures taken from these environments. Pure culture studies have detected similar suites of metabolic products from PFAS such as 4:2, 6:2 and 8:2 fluorotelomer alcohols, 6:2 polyfluoroalkyl phosphates, 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonamidoalkyl betaine (6:2 FTAB) and 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTSA) (Key et al 1998;Kim et al 2012Kim et al , 2014Lewis et al 2016;Liu and Mejia Avendaño 2013;Presentato et al 2020;Shaw et al 2019;Van Hamme et al 2013), although no studies have identified proteins involved in the generation of these metabolites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic response of Gordonia sp. strain NB4-1Y when provided with 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonamidoalkyl betaine or 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate as sole sulfur source

et al. 2020

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Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are environmental contaminants of concern. We previously described biodegradation of two PFAS that represent components and transformation products of aqueous film-forming foams (AFFF), 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonamidoalkyl betaine (6:2 FTAB) and 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTSA), by Gordonia sp. strain NB4-1Y. To identify genes involved in the breakdown of these compounds, the transcriptomic response of NB4-1Y was examined when grown on 6:2 FTAB, 6:2 FTSA, a non-fluorinated analog of 6:2 FTSA (1-octanesulfonate), or MgSO4, as sole sulfur source. Differentially expressed genes were identified as those with ± 1.5 log2-fold-differences (± 1.5 log2FD) in transcript abundances in pairwise comparisons. Transcriptomes of cells grown on 6:2 FTAB and 6:2 FTSA were most similar (7.9% of genes expressed ± 1.5 log2FD); however, several genes that were expressed in greater abundance in 6:2 FTAB treated cells compared to 6:2 FTSA treated cells were noted for their potential role in carbon–nitrogen bond cleavage in 6:2 FTAB. Responses to sulfur limitation were observed in 6:2 FTAB, 6:2 FTSA, and 1-octanesulfonate treatments, as 20 genes relating to global sulfate stress response were more highly expressed under these conditions compared to the MgSO4 treatment. More highly expressed oxygenase genes in 6:2 FTAB, 6:2 FTSA, and 1-octanesulfonate treatments were found to code for proteins with lower percent sulfur-containing amino acids compared to both the total proteome and to oxygenases showing decreased expression. This work identifies genetic targets for further characterization and will inform studies aimed at evaluating the biodegradation potential of environmental samples through applied genomics. Graphic Abstract

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“…Over recent decades, fluorinated compounds of innumerable classifications have become ever more prevalent in both scope of use and emerging as environmental hazards [2][3][4][5]. PFAS compounds are desirable in many applications because of the carbon-fluorine (C-F) bond which yields a high degree of thermal stability [6] and various other advantageous physical properties that lend their use in a variety of common commercial products from waterproof clothing, fire resistant materials, stain resistant carpets, and long-lasting rubber components [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Despite many desirable applications of fluorinated compounds, there is growing concern that they present an emerging environmental threat [21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research and Regulatory Advancements on Remediation and Degradation of Fluorinated Polymer Compounds

et al. 2020

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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of chemicals used in various commercial industries to include food packaging, non-stick repellent, and waterproof products. International environmental protection agencies are currently looking for ways to detect and safely remediate both solid and aqueous PFAS waste due to their harmful effects. Incineration is a technique that disposes of chemicals by breaking down the chemicals at high temperatures, upwards of 1400 °C. Incineration has been used on other related compounds, but PFAS presents a challenge during thermal degradation due to the molecular stability and reactivity of fluorine. Research on the efficacy of this method is currently limited, as the degradation byproducts of PFAS are not fully characterized. Current research is mostly focused on the development of benchtop methods for the safe remediation of solid PFAS waste. Aqueous fire fighting foams (AFFFs) have garnered significant attention due to extensive use since development in the 1960s. Numerous communities that are closely located near airports have been shown to have higher than average PFAS contamination from the repeated use. Detection and remediation of surface, subsurface, and wastewater have become a primary concern for environmental agencies. Use of electrochemical techniques to remove the PFAS contaminants has shown recent promise to help address this issue. Critical to the remediation efforts is development of standardized detection techniques and the implementation of local and international regulations to control the production and use of fluorinated products. No single solution has yet been developed, but much progress has been made in recent years in governmental regulation, detection, and remediation techniques.

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Degradation and defluorination of 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonamidoalkyl betaine and 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate by Gordonia sp. strain NB4-1Y under sulfur-limiting conditions

Cited by 132 publications

References 49 publications

Evaluation of the effects of PFAS soil adsorption and transformation in the presence of divalent cations under ambient conditions

Evaluation of the effects of PFAS soil adsorption and transformation in the presence of divalent cations under ambient conditions

Transcriptomic response of Gordonia sp. strain NB4-1Y when provided with 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonamidoalkyl betaine or 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate as sole sulfur source

Research and Regulatory Advancements on Remediation and Degradation of Fluorinated Polymer Compounds

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