Degradability of Rumen-Protected Soybean Meal with Different Temperatures and Heating Times in Bali Cattle

Abstract

The goal of this study was to ascertain the impact of soybean meal's temperature and heating duration as undegraded protein (UDP) on Bali cattle's dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) degradation kinetics. Soybean meal is a feed ingredient with high protein content, which is about 48%, and is rapidly degraded in the rumen. In this investigation, a factorial design was employed with the first factor being temperature (60, 80, 100, and 120°C), and the second factor being heating time (10, 20, 30, and 40 min). Protected soybean meal was tested for degradation using the in sacco technique on the rumen of fistulous Bali cattle. A sample of 5.0 g was put into a nylon bag and then for 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, and 48 h in the rumen, then analyzed for feed residues for DM and OM. The results showed that soybean meal protected by the heating method could reduce the degradation of DM and OM in the rumen (p<0.05). Heating at 120°C for 40 min showed the lowest DM and OM degradations in this study.

Fermentability and Digestibility of Dairy Cattle Ration Containing Corn-NFC, Protected Soybean and Sulfur Supplementation

“…The difference between the two rations is in the mineral sulfur supplementation. Sulfur supplementation increased the number of ruminal bacteria [22]. The increasing rumen bacteria in R4 and R5 treatments were also in line with the increasing total VFA.…”

“…The orthogonal contrast test results showed that total VFA concentration at R3 and R4 R5 treatments were not significant (P>0.05), indicating the inclusion of protected soybean in the ration did not interfere total VFA concentration. In contrast, Wulandari et al [22] reported that the concentration of VFA will decrease with the length of heating time for feed ingredients due to the Maillard reaction.…”

“…The increasing rumen bacteria in R4 and R5 treatments were also in line with the increasing total VFA. Zhao et al [22] reported that Na2SO4 supplementation improved the number of Ruminococcaceae, Ruminococcus, Butyrivibrio, and Pseudobutyrivibrio bacteria, which led to an increase in total VFA. Sulfur is one of the substrates to form microbial protein, and many Ruminococcus bacteria grow on sulfur media [24].…”