Degeneracy in Exotic Gravitational Lensing

For the past decade, gravitational lensing in the strong gravitational field has been studied eagerly. It is well known that, for the lensing by a black hole, an infinite number of Einstein rings are formed by the light rays which wind around the black hole nearly on the photon sphere, which are called relativistic Einstein rings. This is also the case for the lensing by a wormhole. In this paper, we study the Einstein ring and relativistic Einstein rings for the Schwarzschild black hole and the Ellis wormhole, the latter of which is an example of traversable wormholes of the Morris-Thorne class. Given the configuration of the gravitational lensing and the radii of the Einstein ring and relativistic Einstein rings, we can distinguish between a black hole and a wormhole in principle. We conclude that we can detect the relativistic Einstein rings by wormholes which have the radii of the throat a ' 0:5 pc at a Galactic center with the distance 10 Mpc and which have a ' 10 AU in our Galaxy using the most powerful modern instruments which have the resolution of 10 À2 arcsecond such as a 10-meter optical-infrared telescope. The black holes which make the Einstein rings of the same size as the ones by the wormholes are galactic supermassive black holes and the relativistic Einstein rings by the black holes are too small to measure with the current technology. We may test the hypotheses of astrophysical wormholes by using the Einstein ring and relativistic Einstein rings in the future.

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“…Since then, the gravitational lensing effects by various wormholes have been investigated [21][22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can we distinguish between black holes and wormholes by their Einstein-ring systems?

Tsukamoto¹,

Harada²,

Yajima³

2012

Phys. Rev. D

199

139

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“…We use Equations (21) and (22) in Equation (20), we find two new equations and by a combination of them we get a complicated expression for z…”

Section: Transitions Between Different Topologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gravitational lensing effects by wormholes were investigated in [16,17], with negative mass in [18][19][20][21][22], and with positive mass in [23][24][25][26][27]. We want to remark that in 1973, Ellis and Bronnikov independently found a massless wormhole (the Ellis wormhole) as a wormhole solution of the Einstein equations, see [28,29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caustics in Gravitational Lensing by Mixed Binary Systems

2020

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We investigated binary lenses with 1/rn potentials in the asymmetric case with two lenses with different indexes n and m. These kinds of potentials have been widely used in several contexts, ranging from galaxies with halos described by different power laws to lensing by wormholes or exotic matter. In this paper, we present a complete atlas of critical curves and caustics for mixed binaries, starting from the equal-strength case, and then exploring unequal-strength systems. We also calculate the transitions between all different topology regimes. Finally we find some useful analytic approximations for the wide binary case and for the extreme unequal-strength case.

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“…[16,17], with negative mass in Refs. [18][19][20][21][22] and with positive mass in Refs. [23][24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caustics in gravitational lensing by mixed binary systems

Bozza¹,

Pietroni²,

Melchiorre³

2020

Preprint

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We investigate binary lenses with 1/r n potentials in the asymmetric case with two lenses with different indexes n and m. These kinds of potentials have been widely used in several contexts, ranging from galaxies with halos described by different power laws to lensing by wormholes or exotic matter. In this paper, we present a complete atlas of critical curves and caustics for mixed binaries, starting from the equal-strength case, and then exploring unequal-strength systems. We also calculate the transitions between all different topology regimes. Finally we find some useful analytic approximations for the wide binary case and for the extreme unequal-strength case.

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Degeneracy in Exotic Gravitational Lensing

Cited by 20 publications

References 21 publications

Can we distinguish between black holes and wormholes by their Einstein-ring systems?

Can we distinguish between black holes and wormholes by their Einstein-ring systems?

Caustics in Gravitational Lensing by Mixed Binary Systems

Caustics in gravitational lensing by mixed binary systems

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