Degazage du graphite nucleaire avant et apres purification —influence de l'oxydation a l'air a 620°C

Lang, F.M.; Magnier, Pierre

doi:10.1016/0008-6223(64)90023-5

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The introduction of oxygen atoms on the CB surface has been obtained with ozone [7,[10][11][12][13][14], potassium permanganate [15], potassium dichromate [15], hydrogen peroxide [16,17], nitric acid [15,18], and plasma [19][20][21][22][23]. Nitrogen atoms were introduced through the reaction with diazomethane [24], ammonia [25][26][27], triazole [28] and sulfur atoms, which could be reactive with the elastomer chains through the vulcanization chemistry with sulfur vapor [29,30], hydrogen sulfide [31][32][33][34][35], sulfur dioxide [36,37], carbon disulfide [38] and a polysulfide [39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Based Pyrrole Compounds Containing Sulfur Atoms as Coupling Agents of Carbon Black with Unsaturated Elastomers

Prioglio,

Naddeo,

Giese

et al. 2023

Nanomaterials

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In this work, the hysteresis of elastomer composites suitable for tire compounds was reduced by using CB functionalized with pyrrole compounds containing sulfur-based functional groups reactive with the elastomer chains. CB was functionalized with bio-based pyrrole compounds: 2-(2,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)ethane-1-thiol (SHP) and 1,2-bis(2-(2,5-dimethyl-1H-pyr-rol-1-yl)ethyl)disulfide (SSP), bearing an -SH and an -SS- functional group, respectively. SHP and SSP were synthesized via a one-pot two-step synthesis, with yields higher than 70%, starting from biosourced chemicals as follows: 2,5-hexanedione from 2,5-dimethylfuran, cysteine and cysteamine. The functionalization of CB was carried out by mixing the CB with PyC and heating, with quantitative yields ranging from 92 to 97%. Thus, the whole functionalization process was characterized by a high carbon efficiency. The formation of the covalent bond between SHP, SSP and CB, in line with the prior art of such a functionalization technology, was proven by means of extraction and TGA analyses. The reactivity of the sulfur-based functional groups with unsaturated polymer chains was demonstrated by using squalene as the model compound. Poly(styrene-co-butadiene) from solution anionic polymerization and poly(1,4-cis-isoprene) from Hevea Brasiliensis were the elastomers employed for the preparation of the composites, which were crosslinked with a sulfur-based system. Pristine CB was partially replaced with CB/SHP (33%) and CB/SSP (33% and 66%). The PyC resulted in better curing efficiency, an increase in the dynamic rigidity of approximately 20% and a reduction in the hysteresis of approximately 10% at 70 °C, as well as similar/better ultimate tensile properties. The best results were achieved with a 66% replacement of CB with CB/SSP. This new family of reactive carbon blacks paves the way for a new generation of ‘green tires’, reinforced by a CB reactive with the polymer chains, which provides high mechanical properties and low rolling resistance. Such a reactive CB eliminates the use of silica, and thus the ethanol emission resulting from the condensation of silane is used as a coupling agent. In addition, CB-based tires are characterized by a higher mileage, at a moment in which the reduction in tire wear has become a primary concern.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Based Pyrrole Compounds Containing Sulfur Atoms as Coupling Agents of Carbon Black with Unsaturated Elastomers

Prioglio,

Naddeo,

Giese

et al. 2023

Nanomaterials

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“…The primary CO/C0 2 ratio increases with increasing reaction temperature (23,34,(147)(148)(149)(150)(151)(152)(153)(154)(155)(156).…”

Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochemistry and kinetics of oxygen interaction with microporous chars. Technical report 12. [199 references]

Ismail¹,

Walker²

1979

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Dégazages thermiques sous vide du graphite nucléaire après oxydation radiolytique. Comparaison avec l'oxydation thermique

Lang

Blanchard

Koch

1968

Carbon

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Degazage du graphite nucleaire avant et apres purification —influence de l'oxydation a l'air a 620°C

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Bio-Based Pyrrole Compounds Containing Sulfur Atoms as Coupling Agents of Carbon Black with Unsaturated Elastomers

Bio-Based Pyrrole Compounds Containing Sulfur Atoms as Coupling Agents of Carbon Black with Unsaturated Elastomers

Thermochemistry and kinetics of oxygen interaction with microporous chars. Technical report 12. [199 references]

Dégazages thermiques sous vide du graphite nucléaire après oxydation radiolytique. Comparaison avec l'oxydation thermique

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