Deformation processing and mechanical properties of Cu–Cr–X (X=Ag or Co) microcomposites

Song, Ju Sun; Kim, H.S; Lee, C.T; Hong, Sung-Tae

doi:10.1016/s0924-0136(02)00753-7

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The hardness value of the composites with 5 wt pct nano-Al 2 O 3 dispersion is much higher than that of the base alloy under comparable conditions of processing or sintering. It may be noted that these hardness values with nano-alumina dispersion are significantly higher than those in the earlier reported studies on Cu-Cr alloys, [18] Cu-Cr-Ag or Cu-Cr-Zr alloys, [8,18,22,41] and nano-Al 2 O 3 dispersed Cu matrix composite. [30] Figure 8 shows the kinetics of cumulative wear depth as a function of time in sintered pellets subjected to wear studies in a ball-on-disc type of wear instrument applying 20 N load.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 63%

Development of Wear-Resistant Cu-10Cr-3Ag Electrical Contacts with Nano-Al2O3 Dispersion by Mechanical Alloying and High Pressure Sintering

Bera

Lojkowsky

Manna

2009

Metall Mater Trans A

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Cu-10Cr-3Ag (wt pct) alloy with nanocrystalline Al 2 O 3 dispersion was prepared by mechanical alloying and consolidated by high pressure sintering at different temperatures. Characterization by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy or transmission electron microscopy shows the formation of nanocrystalline matrix grains of about 40 nm after 25 hours of milling with nanometric (<20 nm) Al 2 O 3 particles dispersed in it. After consolidation by high pressure sintering (8 GPa at 400°C to 800°C), the dispersoids retain their ultrafine size and uniform distribution, while the alloyed matrix undergoes significant grain growth. The hardness and wear resistance of the pellets increase significantly with the addition of nano-Al 2 O 3 particles. The electrical conductivity of the pellets without and with nano-Al 2 O 3 dispersion is about 30 pct IACS (international annealing copper standard) and 25 pct IACS, respectively. Thus, mechanical alloying followed by high pressure sintering seems a potential route for developing nano-Al 2 O 3 dispersed Cu-Cr-Ag alloy for heavy duty electrical contact.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 63%

Development of Wear-Resistant Cu-10Cr-3Ag Electrical Contacts with Nano-Al2O3 Dispersion by Mechanical Alloying and High Pressure Sintering

Bera

Lojkowsky

Manna

2009

Metall Mater Trans A

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“…Deng et al [6] reported that the addition of 0.4 wt.%Zr to the Cu-10 wt.%Cr in situ composite produced smaller as-cast Cr dendrites, which led to finer filaments at higher strain ratios. Song et al [7] found that the distance between filaments in Cu-7Cr-0.9Ag was slightly smaller than that of Cu-7Cr-0.9Co. Raabe et al [8] produced the * Corresponding author.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In order to achieve greater strength, higher electrical conductivity and better ductility, a third element such as Zr, Co, or Ag, has been added into the Cu-Cr alloys [6][7][8]. Deng et al [6] reported that the addition of 0.4 wt.%Zr to the Cu-10 wt.%Cr in situ composite produced smaller as-cast Cr dendrites, which led to finer filaments at higher strain ratios.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Ag micro-alloying on the microstructure and properties of Cu–7Cr in situ composite

Liu

Zhou

et al. 2010

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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“…As shown in Figure 6, the conductivity of the in situ composite after heat treatment at g = 7 drops slightly, and the tensile strength rapidly improves after cold drawing to g = 7.8. The resistivity of the deformation-processed Cu-based in situ composites is dependent on the parallel circuit model, [10,15,21,27] which suggests about 97 pct resistivity of Cu-Fe in situ composite results from the Cu matrix, [27] and the resistivity of the Cu matrix can be partitioned into the contribution of four principal scattering mechanisms, i.e., interface, phonon, dislocation, and impurity scattering. In addition, previous research [21,27] indicated that the strength of deformation-processed Cu-based in situ composites obeys the Hall-Petch equation, i.e., r µ k À1/2 , where r is the tensile strength of Cu-based in situ composites and k is the fiber spacing.…”

Section: B Strength and Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One approach is to modify the composition, particularly using extra alloying elements. [14][15][16] Ag has been used as a third element in many studies, [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] because the electronegativity, electronic structure, and crystal structure of Ag are similar to those of Cu and the electrical conductivity of Ag is higher than that of Cu. The other approach is to modify the processing using various heat treatments.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Stability and Properties of Deformation-Processed Cu-Fe In Situ Composites

Liu

Jiang

Zhao

et al. 2015

Metall Mater Trans A

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This paper investigated the thermal stability, tensile strength, and conductivity of deformation-processed Cu-14Fe in situ composites produced by thermo-mechanical processing. The thermal stability was analyzed using scanning electronic microscope and transmission electron microscope. The tensile strength and conductivity were evaluated using tensile-testing machine and micro-ohmmeter, respectively. The Fe fibers in the deformation-processed Cu-14Fe in situ composites undergo edge recession, longitudinal splitting, cylinderization, break-up, and spheroidization during the heat treatment. The Cu matrix experiences recovery, recrystallization, and precipitation phase transition. The tensile strength and conductivity first increase with increasing temperature of heat treatment, reach peak values at different temperatures, and then decrease at higher temperatures. The value of parameter Z of the in situ composite reaches the peak of 2.86 x 107 MPa2 pct IACS after isothermal heat treatment at 798 K (525 °C) for 1 hour. The obtained tensile strength and conductivity of the in situ composites are 907 MPa and 54.3 pct IACS; 868 MPa and 55.2 pct IACS; 810 MPa and 55.8 pct IACS; or 745 MPa and 57.4 pct IACS, at η = 7.8 after isochronal heat treatment for 1 hour. This paper investigated the thermal stability, tensile strength, and conductivity of deformationprocessed Cu-14Fe in situ composites produced by thermo-mechanical processing. The thermal stability was analyzed using scanning electronic microscope and transmission electron microscope. The tensile strength and conductivity were evaluated using tensile-testing machine and micro-ohmmeter, respectively. The Fe fibers in the deformation-processed Cu-14Fe in situ composites undergo edge recession, longitudinal splitting, cylinderization, break-up, and spheroidization during the heat treatment. The Cu matrix experiences recovery, recrystallization, and precipitation phase transition. The tensile strength and conductivity first increase with increasing temperature of heat treatment, reach peak values at different temperatures, and then decrease at higher temperatures. The value of parameter Z of the in situ composite reaches the peak of 2.86 9 10 7 MPa 2 pct IACS after isothermal heat treatment at 798 K (525°C) for 1 hour. The obtained tensile strength and conductivity of the in situ composites are 907 MPa and 54.3 pct IACS; 868 MPa and 55.2 pct IACS; 810 MPa and 55.8 pct IACS; or 745 MPa and 57.4 pct IACS, at g = 7.8 after isochronal heat treatment for 1 hour.

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Deformation processing and mechanical properties of Cu–Cr–X (X=Ag or Co) microcomposites

Cited by 30 publications

References 19 publications

Development of Wear-Resistant Cu-10Cr-3Ag Electrical Contacts with Nano-Al2O3 Dispersion by Mechanical Alloying and High Pressure Sintering

Development of Wear-Resistant Cu-10Cr-3Ag Electrical Contacts with Nano-Al2O3 Dispersion by Mechanical Alloying and High Pressure Sintering

Influence of Ag micro-alloying on the microstructure and properties of Cu–7Cr in situ composite

Thermal Stability and Properties of Deformation-Processed Cu-Fe In Situ Composites

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