Deformation of thermoplastic vulcanizates

Boyce, Mary C.; Kear, K.L.; Socrate, Simona; Shaw, Karla

doi:10.1016/s0022-5096(00)00066-1

Cited by 78 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The finite strain kinematic framework of the model follows that presented in Boyce (1998, 2000), Boyce et al (2000), and Boyce et al (2001), with the main difference being that every relationship pertaining to the intermolecular resistance is developed in duplicate here. Throughout the derivations of this section, terms relating to the combined elastic-viscoplastic element will be given a subscript of ''A'', and terms relating to the entropic-hardening element shall be given a subscript of ''B'' (as denoted in Fig.…”

Section: Kinematicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanics of the rate-dependent elastic–plastic deformation of glassy polymers from low to high strain rates

Mulliken

Boyce

2006

International Journal of Solids and Structures

607

468

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A combined experimental and analytical investigation has been performed to understand the mechanical behavior of two amorphous polymers-polycarbonate and poly(methyl methacrylate)-at strain rates ranging from 10 À4 to 10 4 s À1 . This range in strain rates was achieved in uniaxial tension and compression tests using a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA), a servo-hydraulic testing machine, and an aluminum split-Hopkinson pressure bar. DMA tension tests were used to characterize the viscoelastic behavior of these materials, with focus on the rate-dependent shift of material transition temperatures. Uniaxial compression tests on the servo-hydraulic machine (10 À4 to 1 s À1 ) and the split-Hopkinson pressure bar (10 3 to 10 4 s À1 ) were used to characterize the rate-dependent yield and post-yield behavior. Both materials were observed to exhibit increased rate sensitivity of yield under the same strain rate/temperature conditions as the btransition of the viscoelastic behavior. A physically based constitutive model for large strain deformation of thermoplastics was then extended to encompass high-rate conditions. The model accounts for the contributions of different molecular motions which become operational and important in different frequency regimes. The new features enable the model to not only capture the transition in the yield behavior, but also accurately predict the post-yield, large strain behavior over a wide range of temperatures and strain rates.

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Section: Kinematicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanics of the rate-dependent elastic–plastic deformation of glassy polymers from low to high strain rates

Mulliken

Boyce

2006

International Journal of Solids and Structures

607

468

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“…The Mulliken-Boyce model, based on previously developed models by Boyce et al (Boyce et al 1988;Arruda and Boyce 1993;Bergstrom and Boyce 1998;Boyce et al 2000Boyce et al , 2001, is a three-dimensional rate-, temperature-, and pressure-dependant model for thermoplastic polymers. The model, described one-dimensionally in Fig.…”

Section: Description Of the Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties of Epon 826/DEA epoxy

Jordan

Foley

Siviour

2008

Mech Time-Depend Mater

122

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“…The three-dimensional finite deformation kinematic framework for the ''spring-dashpot'' model ( Fig. 6) is given by Boyce et al (2001), and was developed from the time-dependent elastomer deformation model of Bergstrom and Boyce (1998).…”

Section: Shear Yieldingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micromechanics of toughening in ductile/brittle polymeric microlaminates: Effect of volume fraction

Sharma

Boyce

Socrate

2008

International Journal of Solids and Structures

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Ductile/brittle microlaminates, comprised of alternating layers of ductile polymer [e.g., polycarbonate (PC)] that inelastically deform by shear yielding, and brittle polymer [e.g., styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)] that undergo crazing in tension, offer a strategy for tensile toughening by capitalizing on the synergistic interactions between crazing and shear yielding. This work presents a micromechanical model for PC/PMMA ductile/brittle laminates that captures the constituent volume fraction dependence of the macroscopic behavior, as well as the underlying micro-mechanisms of deformation and tensile failure, in particular the synergy between crazing and shear yielding. The finite element implementation of the model considers both two-dimensional and three-dimensional representative volume elements (RVEs), and incorporates continuum-based physics-inspired descriptions of shear yielding and crazing, along with failure criteria for the ductile (PC) and brittle (PMMA) layers. The interface between the ductile and brittle layers is assumed to be perfectly bonded. The 3D RVE models successfully capture the macroscopic tensile stress-strain behavior of the ductile/brittle laminates at varying constituent volume fractions and the corresponding underlying micromechanisms of deformation and failure. The transition from brittle to ductile laminate behavior is in agreement with experimental data and is found to occur as the fraction of the ductile layer is increased to 0.60. The simulations reveal the brittle to ductile cross-over to be governed by the ability of the ductile layers to constrain the dilation and growth of crazes in the brittle layer. In particular, after the critical volume fraction of the ductile constituent is attained, surface edge crazes are inhibited from tunneling across the width of the specimen which then leads to reduced crazing/cracking and increased shear yielding. 2D RVE models are unable to adequately account for the deformation and toughness of PC/PMMA microlaminates as a function of the constituent volume fractions, as they neglect any distribution of inelastic events in the laminate-width (out-of-plane) direction.

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Deformation of thermoplastic vulcanizates

Cited by 78 publications

References 16 publications

Mechanics of the rate-dependent elastic–plastic deformation of glassy polymers from low to high strain rates

Mechanics of the rate-dependent elastic–plastic deformation of glassy polymers from low to high strain rates

Mechanical properties of Epon 826/DEA epoxy

Micromechanics of toughening in ductile/brittle polymeric microlaminates: Effect of volume fraction

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