Deformation Characteristics, Formability and Springback Control of Titanium Alloy Sheet at Room Temperature: A Review

Li, Hao; Chen, Shuai-Feng; Zhang, Shihong; Xu, Yan; Song, Hong-Wu

doi:10.3390/ma15165586

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 117 publications

(143 reference statements)

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“…They also have high strength, good ductility and toughness, excellent corrosion resistance and thermal stability, which have been widely used in the key components of aerospace aircrafts, ships, vehicles and other means of conveyances. The substitution of titanium alloys for steel materials brings significant lightweight effects and performance enhancement [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. However, the materials and manufacturing costs of titanium alloys are higher than those of steel, only a partial replacement can be implemented in the short term to achieve a balance between cost and performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TA2/Q235 Laser Weld Joint with Copper Interlayer

Zhang,

Wang,

Guo

et al. 2023

Materials

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For the dissimilar metal welding needs of TA2 titanium and Q235 steel, preliminary trials were conducted using laser welding methods, and the results showed that the addition of a copper interlayer and the bias of the laser beam toward the Q235 side allowed for an effective connection. The welding temperature field was simulated using the finite element method, and the optimum offset distance of 0.3 mm was obtained. Under the optimized parameters, the joint had good metallurgical bonding. Further SEM analysis showed that the microstructure of the bonding area between the weld bead and Q235 was a typical fusion weld pattern, while that of the bonding area between the weld bead and TA2 was in brazing mode. The microhardness of the cross-section showed complex fluctuations; the microhardness of the weld bead center was higher than that of the base metal due to the formation of a mixture microstructure of copper and dendritic Fe phases. The copper layer not involved in the weld pool mixing had almost the lowest microhardness. The highest microhardness was found at the bonding site of TA2 and the weld bead, mainly due to the formation of an intermetallic layer with a thickness of about 100 μm. Further detailed analysis revealed that the compounds included Ti2Cu, TiCu and TiCu2, showing a typical peritectic morphology. The tensile strength of the joint was approximately 317.6 MPa, reaching 82.71% of that of the Q235 and 75.44% of the TA2 base metal, respectively. The fracture occurred in the unmixed copper layer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TA2/Q235 Laser Weld Joint with Copper Interlayer

Zhang,

Wang,

Guo

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…High-speed forming technologies are currently used in the manufacture of structural elements from rolled sheets of alpha-and pseudo-alpha-titanium alloys, including advanced technologies such as electromagnetic forming, electrohydraulic forming, explosive forming, and impact hydroforming. Dynamic stamping has also become a promising technological area for the manufacture of thin-walled titanium structural elements [6,7]. Stamping process stability depends on many factors, including the strain rate, stress state, and the distribution of plastic strain across the thickness of the sheet, as well as the occurrence of macrocracks and the development of microvoids and microdamage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ductile Fracture of Titanium Alloys in the Dynamic Punch Test

Skripnyak,

Skripnyak

2024

Metals

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Estimates of physical and mechanical characteristics of materials at high strain rates play a key role in enhancing the accuracy of prediction of the stress–strain state of structures operating in extreme conditions. This article presents the results of a combined experimental–numerical study on the mechanical response of a thin-sheet rolled Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy to dynamic penetration. A specimen of a titanium alloy plate underwent punching with a hemispherical indenter at loading rates of 10, 5, 1, and 0.5 m/s. The evolution of the rear surface of specimens and crack configuration during deformation were observed by means of high-speed photography. Numerical simulations were performed to evaluate stress distribution in a titanium plate under specified loading conditions. To describe the constitutive behavior and fracture of the Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy at moderate strain rates, a physical-based viscoplastic material model and damage nucleation and growth relations were adopted in the computational model. The results of simulations confirm a biaxial stress state in the center of specimens prior to fracture initiation. The crack shapes and plate deflections obtained in the calculations are similar to those observed in experiments during dynamic punching.

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“…Tang et al [26] established a finite element analysis model for the three-dimensional crimping forming process and obtained the maximum load during the forming process. In addition, the commercial software ABAQUS has achieved excellent application effects in simulating the crimping forming process, obtaining geometric shape and stress-strain distribution of pipe blank after forming, and other aspects of forming quality [27][28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The analytical model of crimping springback for large-diameter longitudinal welded pipe

Zhang,

Sun

2024

J. Eng. Appl. Sci.

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The crimping technique is widely used in the manufacturing process of large-diameter longitudinal welded pipe. In the bending process, the springback is the critical problem affecting the shape, which is the key index of forming quality. So, crimping faces more challenges in accurate springback prediction for difficult-to-form metals such as pipeline steels and non-circular nature of the punch. This paper has established an analytical model of crimping springback for the longitudinal welded pipe. Firstly, the crimping process mathematical model which considered the impact of elastic modulus attenuation on springback calculation during plastic deformation is established, and the cross-section bending moment is calculated based on Hill’s bending theory. Secondly, a semi-analytical and semi-numerical method for calculating the crimping shape is presented. Finally, the comparison of the crimping shape of the real product shows that the calculation accuracy and efficiency of this method can meet the requirements of engineering applications. The relative error of the springback angle calculated by the analytical model is −5.84%, and the absolute error is 0.3°. This method can accurately predict the springback of longitudinal welded pipe after crimping and provide a reference for crimping process optimization.

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Deformation Characteristics, Formability and Springback Control of Titanium Alloy Sheet at Room Temperature: A Review

Cited by 7 publications

References 117 publications

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TA2/Q235 Laser Weld Joint with Copper Interlayer

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TA2/Q235 Laser Weld Joint with Copper Interlayer

Ductile Fracture of Titanium Alloys in the Dynamic Punch Test

The analytical model of crimping springback for large-diameter longitudinal welded pipe

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