Search citation statements
Paper Sections
Citation Types
Year Published
Publication Types
Relationship
Authors
Journals
Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has a very important role because it constitutes a threat to human health, especially immunocompromised people and children, this phenomenon can lead to difficulty or even the impossibility of treating certain infections. A meta-analysis from studies in Morocco on bacteria resistant to antibiotics over the last nine years and interest of bacterial: S. pneumoniae, N. meningitidis, H. influenzae and S. aureus, also the evolution their resistance. Total 654 articles in databases (206, 162, 134, and 152 articles found in: Elsevier, PubMed, Google Scholar, and other engines, respectively). For the bacteria in which we were interested, the prevalence of resistance increases with the years. Indeed, S. pneumoniae, N. meningitidis and H. influenzae, prevalence in 2012, 2016 and 2018 was respectively around (13%, 9.7%, 5.4%), (48%, 24%, 8%) and (29%, 33%, 8%). The evolution of the resistance of S. pneumoniae, was impacted by the introduction of the vaccine, indeed, the rate of its resistance to the antibiotic erythromycin before vaccination was 76% but after the introduction of the vaccine it decreased to 61%, while the incidence of pneumonia was 17.7%, and after vaccination it decreased to 10.2%. Also, the resistance of S. pneumoniae to penicillin G increased from 2.7% in 2011 to 100% in 2020. For N. meningitidis, resistance to penicillin G increased from 11.1% to 24% between 2012 and 2019. About of H. Influenzae for Bactrim, fluoroquinolones and tetracycline (16%, 4.8%, 2.5%), S.aureus resistance increases significantly. From 2016 to 2018, the resistance of S. aureus (Penicillin G 92%, ciprofloxacin 16.5%, erythromycin 14.6%).
Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has a very important role because it constitutes a threat to human health, especially immunocompromised people and children, this phenomenon can lead to difficulty or even the impossibility of treating certain infections. A meta-analysis from studies in Morocco on bacteria resistant to antibiotics over the last nine years and interest of bacterial: S. pneumoniae, N. meningitidis, H. influenzae and S. aureus, also the evolution their resistance. Total 654 articles in databases (206, 162, 134, and 152 articles found in: Elsevier, PubMed, Google Scholar, and other engines, respectively). For the bacteria in which we were interested, the prevalence of resistance increases with the years. Indeed, S. pneumoniae, N. meningitidis and H. influenzae, prevalence in 2012, 2016 and 2018 was respectively around (13%, 9.7%, 5.4%), (48%, 24%, 8%) and (29%, 33%, 8%). The evolution of the resistance of S. pneumoniae, was impacted by the introduction of the vaccine, indeed, the rate of its resistance to the antibiotic erythromycin before vaccination was 76% but after the introduction of the vaccine it decreased to 61%, while the incidence of pneumonia was 17.7%, and after vaccination it decreased to 10.2%. Also, the resistance of S. pneumoniae to penicillin G increased from 2.7% in 2011 to 100% in 2020. For N. meningitidis, resistance to penicillin G increased from 11.1% to 24% between 2012 and 2019. About of H. Influenzae for Bactrim, fluoroquinolones and tetracycline (16%, 4.8%, 2.5%), S.aureus resistance increases significantly. From 2016 to 2018, the resistance of S. aureus (Penicillin G 92%, ciprofloxacin 16.5%, erythromycin 14.6%).
Introduction: Breast Cancer Associated with Pregnancy( "BCAP" ) is one of the rare entities of breast tumor pathologies in senology. According to the literature, it has a low frequency. But it is characterized by a clinical picture often very severe. The objective of this article is to illustrate the particularities of this type of cancer by the clinical cases diagnosed in 2022. In addition, to discuss and analyze the epidemio-clinical, histological, therapeutic aspects and short-term prognosis; consented genetic testing was initiated and justified by young age (less than 32 years). Patients and methods: This is a 12-month cross-sectional study, for analytical purposes with prospective collection, conducted at the Department of Gynaecology and Anatomopathology of Panzi/UEA Hospital in 2022. Two patients collected, after clinical examination, met the criteria for selecting BCAP definitions according to the "Journal of Gynaecological-Obstetrics" (36) [6]. Then, their biopsy and blood samples allowed histo-genetic diagnosis at the anatomopathology and molecular biology laboratories of the UEA with counter-expertise in Netherland-Amsterdam. Results: Over a period of twelve months and in a sample of 28 patients with breast cancer, there were 2 cases of BCAP, or 7% incidence. The patients were Bukavu residents from South Kivu, married, under 32 years of age and all with higher education. They consulted late; more than a year, after discovery of breast nodules by self-palpation. All have re-acknowledged having undergone exposure to potential ionizing irradiation. Risk factors were analyzed. For patient (A): menarche at 17 years, ages of marriage and 1st pregnancy at 31 years, primiparity, no breastfeeding, history of breast tumors and local treatment with indigenous products. For (B), obesity, shortened breastfeeding and taking hormonal con-traceptions were noted. The clinic noted in common, advanced cancer, large adherent mass; but, for the patient (A) were associated cachexia, infectious syndrome, anemia and fetal distress ended by fetal death in utero. Anatomical pathology has found a common type "advanced invasive ductal carcinoma"; grade SBR III for (A) and SBR I for (B). The extension assessment noted more peculiarities for (A) with hyperleukocytosis, low hemoglobin, radiopulmonary images in favor of metastases. Genetic testing, looking for BRCA 1&2 mutations, suspected the BRCA1 mutation for both patients, after PCR by presence of amplification of primers 185 and 187 at the UEA/HGRPanzi laboratory. However, sequencing done at the MACROGEN - Netherland laboratory, confirmed the presence of mutations at exon 2 of the objectified BRCA1 gene in the patient (B). Due to lack of resources, genetic analysis of other exons of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes has not been performed to exclude associated muta-tions. Conclusion: BCAP, being classically rare, had a very high frequency (7%) in our series. It has affected patients of young age (less than 32 years), diagnosed with late-stage invasive ductal carcinoma with at least 50 percent genetic factor positivity (BRCA 1 mutation). These elements suggest the prospect of undertaking a large-scale study to investigate the most common breast cancer risk factors in Bukavu.
The objective of this article is to study the existing relationship between training and the integration of Sustainable Development (SD) practices in the Moroccan University. The issue at stake is to verify whether the training provided at the level of higher education institutions responds to the various worldwide challenges. In order to respond to the difficulties that impact the higher education model, Moroccan universities are invited to rethink their various approaches so that they can respond to the economic, social, societal and environmental constraints which are constantly evolving. Therefore, these universities must align themselves with the major challenges facing education today[1]. The empirical research method used in this quantitative study is a Likert’s scale based questionnaire. The investigation was carried out on a sample of 134 teachers-researchers of Ibn Tofail University of Kénitra (ITUK) (Morocco). The investigated sample population was surveyed during the time period lasting from February the 1st to May the 31th, 2021. The analysis conducted regarding the results of the ANOVA of the variables reveals that the pedagogical approaches, curriculum and teaching methods are significant except for the teaching activities which display a value of 0.280 higher than the recommended threshold. Consequently, training in higher education can contribute to forging attitudes in the future in line with SD’s requirements by relying on pedagogical approaches. Hence, the University through training should contribute to a sustainable society in order to meet the 17 SD Goals which require that by 2030 all students should have the knowledge, skills and attitudes necessary to promote sustainable development. The results of this research will contribute to the development of new training curricula that meet the requirements of the various SD objectives. We have focused our research on the ITU Kénitra, we believe that our approach will serve as a basis to develop other cases of Moroccan universities to have an overall vision of training curricula converging towards the practices of SD at the Moroccan national level and for a better contribution in the new 2035 nationwide development model[2].
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.