Deformation and breakup of droplets in an oblique continuous air stream

High-magnification shadowgraphy for the study of drop breakup in a high-speed gas flow

“…Aerodynamic fragmentation of drops plays a key role in a rich variety of technical issues [1][2][3]. Accordingly, this process has been extensively studied over past decades through an impressive number of investigations using a series of optical techniques [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Despite this, however, the mechanisms of fragmentation and their connections to the resulting size droplet distribution are far from being understood.…”

“…Visualization of drop fragmentation in gas flow has mostly been realized by the shadowgraph technique that has provided valuable information on the overall process (see, for instance, [10,11] and references therein). Past studies have identified various breakup mechanisms and regimes ranging from vibrational to catastrophic breakup depending on the Weber number, We (ratio of inertia to capillary forces).…”