Deforestation and Its Effects in Highland Madagascar

Gade, Daniel W.

doi:10.2307/3674005

Cited by 123 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Furthermore, the low genetic diversity observed, if confirmed in wild and conserved areas, might also be the result of over 1400 years of high deforestation rates and habitat fragmentation on the island (Campbell 1993;Gade 1996) which has been increasing over the last 50 years (Harper et al 2007). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of the endemic honeybee: Apis mellifera unicolor (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Madagascar

et al. 2015

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-Apis mellifera unicolor is a tropical honeybee endemic of Madagascar. Comprehensive knowledge about its mitochondrial and nuclear genetic diversity and structuration was our main purpose. Samples of worker bees were collected from 867 colonies in 76 sites in Madagascar and 1 reference population in South Africa. PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and sequencing were used to reveal variability in the COI-COII mtDNA region. Seventeen microsatellite loci were used for studying the nuclear diversity. Three PCR-RFLP profiles were observed, among which 99.4 % belonged to A1 haplotype, 0.2 % to a new A haplotype, and 0.4 % to A4 haplotype. In microsatellite analysis, moderate genetic diversity values were found for Madagascar, together with low mean number of alleles ranging from 2.47 to 3.88 compared to South Africa. Bayesian clustering assignment methods and principal component analysis (PCA) separated populations into two genetic clusters which matched with geographic areas. Several hypotheses are discussed regarding to the low genetic diversity of A. m. unicolor in its native range.Apis mellifera unicolor / microsatellite / African lineage / genetic diversity / mtDNA

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of the endemic honeybee: Apis mellifera unicolor (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Madagascar

et al. 2015

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“…Madagascar, like many tropical countries, is confronted with biodiversity loss and conservation problems as a result of the continued destruction of natural habitats (Gade 1996, Gallegos 1997, Goodman & Patterson 1997, Green & Sussmann 1990, Mittermeier et al 1994). This problem is usually caused by bush fires, fast clearing of vegetation for agricultural expansion, and forest exploitation and is exacerbated by climate change and high levels of poverty (Busch et al 2012).…”

Section: Ethnobotanical Study Of the Medicinal Plants Known By Men Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnobotanical Study of the Medicinal Plants Known by Men in Ambalabe, Madagascar

Rabearivony

Kuhlman²,

Razafiariso³

et al. 2015

Ethnobot. Res. App.

132

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Madagascar has high biodiversity and endemism that are threatened by growing human populations and climate change. Species loss has potential impacts on traditional knowledge and community health. The aim of this project was to identify medicinal plants known and used by men in the Commune of Ambalabe sourced from the Vohibe Forest in eastern Madagascar. Interviews were conducted that resulted in collection of 137 plant species used by men to treat illnesses, 35% of which are endemic to Madagascar. Twelve tree species were shown to have the highest Use Index among the men in Ambalabe:

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“…All farms keep at least some animals, and the region's grasslands are typically burned nearly every year to provoke late dry season forage for cattle, and to prevent bush encroachment [63]. These fires, combined with the region's ubiquitous erosion gullies, known as lavaka, have given the highlands a reputation as a site of environmental degradation [64][65][66].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest Transition in Madagascar’s Highlands: Initial Evidence and Implications

McConnell

Viña

Kull

et al. 2015

Land

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Abstract:Madagascar is renowned for the loss of the forested habitat of lemurs and other species endemic to the island. Less well known is that in the highlands, a region often described as an environmental "basket-case" of fire-degraded, eroded grasslands, woody cover has been increasing for decades. Using information derived from publically available high-and medium-resolution satellites, this study characterizes tree cover dynamics in the highlands of Madagascar over the past two decades. Our results reveal heterogeneous patterns of increased tree cover on smallholder farms and village lands, spurred by a mix of endogenous and exogenous forces. The new trees play important roles in rural livelihoods, providing renewable supplies of firewood, charcoal, timber and other products and services, as well as defensible claims to land tenure in the context of a decline in the use of hillside commons for grazing. This study documents this nascent forest transition through Land Change Science techniques, and provides a prologue to political ecological analysis by setting these changes in their social and environmental context and interrogating the costs and benefits of the shift in rural livelihood strategies. OPEN ACCESSLand 2015, 4 1156

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Deforestation and Its Effects in Highland Madagascar

Cited by 123 publications

References 9 publications

Genetic diversity of the endemic honeybee: Apis mellifera unicolor (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Madagascar

Genetic diversity of the endemic honeybee: Apis mellifera unicolor (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Madagascar

Ethnobotanical Study of the Medicinal Plants Known by Men in Ambalabe, Madagascar

Forest Transition in Madagascar’s Highlands: Initial Evidence and Implications

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