Defoliation of Greenhouse Tomato Plants and Its Effects on Dry Matter Accumulation and Distribution to Fruits

Andriolo, J.L.; Falcao, L. L.; Duarte, Tatiana S.; Skrebsky, Etiane Caldeira

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2001.559.16

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Em tomateiro cultivado no outono, no Rio Grande do Sul, a emissão de frutos não é reduzida em relação ao cultivo de primavera, porém o crescimento e a produção são afetados pela diminuição da disponibilidade de radiação solar (Andriolo et al, 1998(Andriolo et al, , 2000. Em batata, não foram encontrados resultados de pesquisas que fossem capazes de indicar quais variáveis explicariam as diferenças de rendimento entre o outono e a primavera.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Desenvolvimento e rendimento de clones de batata na primavera e no outono

Bisognin

Müller

Streck

et al. 2008

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da radiação solar, da temperatura do ar e do fotoperíodo, no desenvolvimento e rendimento de clones de batata, cultivados em condições climáticas de primavera e outono. Foram avaliados os clones SMIJ461-1, SMINIA793101-3, SMINIA97145-2 e a cultivar Macaca, nos cultivos de primavera e outono, em Santa Maria, RS. Foram determinados: número de folhas no início da tuberização e no final, filocrono, soma térmica acumulada da emergência ao início da tuberização e do início da tuberização ao início da senescência, e rendimento. As condições de temperatura e fotoperíodo modificaram os valores de soma térmica acumulada nas fases emergência-início da tuberização e início da tuberização-início da senescência, o rendimento e o número de folhas no início da tuberização, porém, não afetaram o filocrono e o número de folhas final. A soma térmica acumulada necessária ao aparecimento de folhas variou entre os clones. A determinação do número de folhas no início da tuberização, na primavera e no outono, pode ser utilizada para a identificação de clones com potencial de cultivo, em ambas as estações. O desenvolvimento das plantas de batata é pouco afetado pelas condições de cultivo. A disponibilidade de radiação solar determina as diferenças de rendimento dos cultivos de primavera e outono, no Rio Grande do Sul.Termos para indexação: Solanum tuberosum, filocrono, fotoperíodo, número de folhas, soma térmica, Rio Grande do Sul. Development and yield of potato clones during spring and autumnAbstract -The objective of this work was to assess the effect of solar radiation, air temperature and photoperiod, in plant development and yield of potato clones grown under spring and autumn conditions. The clones SMIJ461-1, SMINIA793101-3, SMINIA97145-2 and the cultivar Macaca were cultivated during spring 2006 and autumn 2007, in Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. Leaf number at tuber initiation and at final tuberization, phylochron, accumulated thermal sum from emergence to tuber initiation and from tuber initiation to beginning of senescence, and yield were determined. The conditions of temperature and photoperiod affected accumulated thermal sum of emergencetuber initiation and tuber initiation-beginning of senescence, yield and leaf number at tuber initiation, but did not affect phylochron and final leaf number. The accumulated thermal sum necessary to new leaf appearance depended upon each clone. New potato clones with high yield potential, for both crop conditions, can be identified through leaf number at tuber initiation under spring and autumn conditions. Season conditions have little effect on development of potato plants. The availability of solar radiation is the major atmosphere factor that explains yield variations between spring and autumn conditions in Rio Grande do Sul.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Desenvolvimento e rendimento de clones de batata na primavera e no outono

Bisognin

Müller

Streck

et al. 2008

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…Conversely, a significant (17%) increase in yield was found when the LAI was increased using a higher plant density; however, in this case the LAI was 24% greater than that of the controls, and there were more fruits m -2 , as all trusses were pruned to six fruits. Similarly, Andriolo et al (2001) compared the effects of leaving one, two, or three leaves between trusses by removing young leaves from an indeterminate cultivar in a non-heated polyethylene greenhouse.…”

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confidence: 99%

The effects of long-day lighting and removal of young leaves on tomato yield

Valdés

Woodward²,

Adams³

2010

The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology

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Running head: Effects of daylength and leaf removal on tomato * Author for correspondence. SUMMARYWhile low intensity long-day (LD) lighting has been shown to enhance the growth of young plants under low light levels, the effect on the yield of a long-season glasshouse tomato crop has not been previously examined. LD were provided by the use of tungsten lamps (2.8 µmol m -2 s -1 at approx. 0.5 m from the ground) between 04.00 h to sunrise and from sunset until 20.00 h (GMT). LD lighting increased the leaf chlorophyll contents, and the numbers of flowers and fruits set per truss when the plants were young. However, this treatment did not affect the total yield of tomatoes.Different leaf removal treatments were applied within each glasshouse compartment.A previous experiment had shown that reducing the leaf area index (LAI) from 5.2 to 2.6, by removing old leaves, did not affect yields. It is also thought that the removal of young leaves reduces the total vegetative sink-strength and favours assimilate partitioning into fruit. Therefore, removal of young leaves could benefit yield. In the present experiment a third of the leaves were removed in March (those immediately below each truss) and subsequently every third leaf was removed at an early stage.This reduced the LAI from 4.1 to 2.9 and resulted in a loss of yield from 3 to 4 weeks after leaf removal until the end of the experiment, at which point there was an 8% loss of cumulative yield, due to a reduction in the average number of fruits set per truss and mean fruit weight. We postulate that light which would have been intercepted by young photosynthetically efficient leaves at the top of the canopy was intercepted instead by older leaves which were less efficient, reducing the net canopy In both studies increased chlorophyll contents were observed when growth was enhanced as a result of LD. Based on the response presented by Gabrielsen (1948), Hurd (1973 estimated that the observed increase in chlorophyll content could account for a 6% increase in photosynthesis under the conditions used

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“…Another critical factor in seed germination and emergence, besides quality standards and resistance to pests and diseases, is the material used as a bed for seed placement during planting for seedling formation under optimal conditions for their development. Typically, commercial substrates are used, but these materials come at high prices, impacting higher production costs [24,25]. To mitigate these costs, various organic and inorganic materials are employed, either individually or in combination, such as green coconut fiber, peat, wood waste, pine bark, carbonized rice husk, rockwool, and phenolic foam, among others [26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence and Structural Characteristic of the Solanum pimpinellifolium in Trays under Different Levels and Types of Substrates

dos Santos,

Barbosa,

dos Santos

et al. 2023

Horticulturae

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The cultivated tomato is one of the most consumed vegetables in the world, and the preparation of seedlings plays a fundamental role in the success of the crop, which is often plagued by fungi and bacteria from its earliest stages. This study aimed to analyze the emergence speed index and morphological parameters of Wanda hybrid cherry tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum var. pimpinellifolium) in trays with two different types and levels of substrates in a protected environment using certified seeds. The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of the IFCE—Campus Crato during the months of August and September 2022. Two basic substrates were used to promote germination and emergence: one was the commercial Vivato Slim Plus®, and the other was based on worm humus produced in Minhobuckets kits. The experimental design was completely randomized, consisting of five doses of commercial substrate (SBC) and earthworm humus (HDM) in the following proportions: S1—HDM; S2—SBC; S3—HDM + SBC (1:1), S4—HDM + SBC (1:3), and S5—HDM + SBC (3:1). The ESI, morphological parameters (SD, PH, ROOTL, and NL), and the dry biomass of the seedlings (LDB, SDB, RDB, and TDB) were determined. Data were subjected to an analysis of variance, and Tukey’s test (0.05) was used; dry biomass data were submitted to square root transformation. For the emergence speed index, SBC (S2) outperformed the others. Regarding the morphological parameters and dry biomass, all substrates yielded satisfactory results, despite not showing a statistical difference between the averages. The substrate S4 produced the best results in all evaluated parameters.

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Defoliation of Greenhouse Tomato Plants and Its Effects on Dry Matter Accumulation and Distribution to Fruits

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Desenvolvimento e rendimento de clones de batata na primavera e no outono

Desenvolvimento e rendimento de clones de batata na primavera e no outono

The effects of long-day lighting and removal of young leaves on tomato yield

Emergence and Structural Characteristic of the Solanum pimpinellifolium in Trays under Different Levels and Types of Substrates

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