Defluoridation by Activated Carbon form of Used Tea Powder

Khairnar, Ashwini; Tadge, Shraddha; Wakchoure, Rahul

doi:10.2139/ssrn.4043362

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…The biggest challenge in producing fluoride-free clean water is increasing daily distillation yield per unit area while reducing energy losses (Kalita et al 2016). For the removal of fluoride from drinking water, several technologies have already been developed, including ion exchange, membrane filtration, and coagulation (Loganathan et al 2013, Kumar and Chawla 2020, Khairnar et al 2022. Because of the high material and processing costs, these technologies are unsuitable for developing countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional applications of passive solar stills in water treatment: an eco-friendly approach

Singh,

Dixit,

Singh

2024

Eng. Res. Express

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Conventional raw water treatment methods are expensive and require a sufficient energy supply for their operations. In remote and rural areas, these conventional methods are feasible due to poor economy and interrupted power supply. This study provides a sustainable approach to treating raw water using solar energy and phase change material (PCM). Passive solar stills (SS) are sufficient to treat water in the presence of solar radiation and we can increase the yield and quality of distillate water by using calcium chloride hexahydrate as phase change material. Moreover, PCM-based solar still is also advanced by adding activated charcoal (AC) for the removal of fluoride from the raw water. The efficiency of solar still was assessed for the eight parameters: yield (Y), fluoride (F), total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), pH, total alkalinity (TA), total hardness (TH), chloride (Cl). Through the number of water quality assessments, it was found that SS with PCM can reduce (%) the TDS (85-100%), EC (90-100%), pH (0-15%), TH (90-95%), TA (75-90%), Cl (80-100%) and can increase the yield by 10-15%. SS with PCM and AC was also shown a good removal of F from raw water. In addition to that a statistical analysis was also carried out to understand the effect of different climatic factors on the performance of solar still. 

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