Definitive Radiotherapy for Stage I Gastric Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma: A Retrospective Cohort of Unique-Dose Administration of 30 Gy in 15 Fractions and Analysis of Remission Duration

Abstract

Background Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma constitutes a significant proportion of primary stomach lymphomas. The optimal dosage for radiotherapy and standardized follow-up protocols are yet to be universally established. This study focuses on stage I gastric MALT lymphoma patients, presenting clinical outcomes of radiotherapy with a unique dose of 30 Gy in 15 fractions and analyzing remission time. Methods A retrospective cohort study, approved by the institutional review board, included consecutive stage I gastric MALT lymphoma patients undergoing curative radiotherapy between 2008 and 2022. Staging followed the Lugano Modification of the Ann Arbor Staging System. The prescribed dose was uniform dose of 30 Gy in 15 fractions. Results Fifty-three patients were eligible, with a median age of 63 years. All achieved complete remission (CR), with a median CR time of 3.9 months. At a median follow-up of 56.8 months, no deaths occurred, and three recurrences were noted. The 5-year overall survival, local control survival, and disease-free survival rates were 100%, 100%, and 97.7%, respectively. No severe acute adverse events were observed. Conclusion The study demonstrates sustained and favorable long-term disease control with a 30 Gy dose in 15 fractions for stage I gastric MALT lymphoma. Comparisons with existing literature highlight the efficacy and safety of radiotherapy in achieving durable remission. Ongoing efforts explore dose reduction and technological advancements to minimize toxicity. This study emphasizes the importance of awaiting clinical response confirmation to validate these outcomes in patients with gastric MALT lymphoma.