Definitive‐intent intensity‐modulated radiation therapy for treatment of canine prostatic carcinoma: A multi‐institutional retrospective study

Walz, J.; Desai, Noopur; Asselt, Nathaniel Van; Poirier, Valérie J.; Hansen, Katherine; Selmic, Laura E.

doi:10.1111/vco.12561

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…13 More recently, another study reported on 18 dogs that had been treated using fullcourse RT (48-54 Gy). 14 Local progression was documented in 7 of 18 dogs at a median of 241 days after completing RT, and mOST was 563 days; EFS was longer with chemotherapy and shorter when metastases were identifiable at diagnosis; overall survival was longer in asymptomatic dogs. Results of these studies are promising for definitive intent RT for CGUC but the total number of reported cases remains low.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In a 2012 study describing clinical outcomes of 21 dogs having undergone full‐course intensity‐modulated and image‐guided radiotherapy (IM/IGRT; 54‐58 Gy in 20 daily fractions) with or without adjunctive drug treatment for CGUC, the subjective response rate was 60%, with a median event‐free survival (EFS) time of 317 days, and mOST of 654 days 13 . More recently, another study reported on 18 dogs that had been treated using full‐course RT (48‐54 Gy) 14 . Local progression was documented in 7 of 18 dogs at a median of 241 days after completing RT, and mOST was 563 days; EFS was longer with chemotherapy and shorter when metastases were identifiable at diagnosis; overall survival was longer in asymptomatic dogs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treatment of genitourinary carcinoma in dogs using nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, mitoxantrone, and radiation therapy: A retrospective study

Clerc-Renaud

Gieger

LaRue

et al. 2021

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background Locoregional tumor control and prolonged survival for dogs with genitourinary carcinoma (CGUC) reportedly are achievable using treatment with radiotherapy (RT) with or without adjunctive chemotherapy and nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Objectives To characterize event‐free and overall survival after treatment of CGUC using NSAIDs, mitoxantrone (MTX), and a standardized RT protocol (57 Gy in 20 fractions). Animals Fifty‐one client‐owned dogs treated between 2008 and 2017. Methods Dogs were retrospectively categorized into treatment groups: (a) first‐line concurrent chemoradiotherapy (≥1 dose of MTX started within 1 month of RT); (b) first‐line chemotherapy (MTX administered for >1 month before RT without tumor progression); (c) RT as a salvage procedure (MTX, surgery or both with subsequent locoregional tumor progression before RT). Treatment‐induced toxicoses, event‐free survival (EFS), and overall survival times (OSTs) were recorded. The influence of demographics, staging, and treatment‐related factors on survival was assessed using Cox proportional hazards modeling. Results Median EFS and OST for all dogs were 260 and 510 days with no significant differences among groups 1 (n = 39), 2 (n = 4), and 3 (n = 8). Both EFS and OST were shorter in dogs with moderate to severe clinical signs ( P < .001 and P < .001, respectively); OST was shorter in dogs with prostatic involvement ( P = .02). Permanent urinary incontinence developed in 16 dogs (31%) at a median of 70 days postirradiation; other toxicoses were mild and self‐limiting. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Mild clinical signs and lack of prostate involvement were associated with favorable prognosis for survival. Client education regarding the risk of urinary incontinence is warranted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of genitourinary carcinoma in dogs using nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, mitoxantrone, and radiation therapy: A retrospective study

Clerc-Renaud

Gieger

LaRue

et al. 2021

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…In many cases, canine cancer is identified only after clinical signs have developed, by which point the disease is often advanced, the ability to provide long-term control is low, and the prognosis is poor. Just as for human cancer patients, early detection and treatment are considered essential for achieving the best possible clinical outcomes for canine cancer patients [ 2 , 3 ], and studies of cancers detected at earlier stages (including incidentally detected cases) in dogs have demonstrated improved outcomes [ 4 – 8 ]. In humans, organ-based cancer screening programs such as mammograms for women, prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing for men, and colonoscopies are well established and are covered by most insurance policies, as they have been proven to help detect cancers at earlier stages, when treatment is more effective, and a cure is more likely to be achieved [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical validation of a next-generation sequencing-based multi-cancer early detection “liquid biopsy” blood test in over 1,000 dogs using an independent testing set: The CANcer Detection in Dogs (CANDiD) study

Flory

Kruglyak²,

Tynan³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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Cancer is the leading cause of death in dogs, yet there are no established screening paradigms for early detection. Liquid biopsy methods that interrogate cancer-derived genomic alterations in cell-free DNA in blood are being adopted for multi-cancer early detection in human medicine and are now available for veterinary use. The CANcer Detection in Dogs (CANDiD) study is an international, multi-center clinical study designed to validate the performance of a novel multi-cancer early detection “liquid biopsy” test developed for noninvasive detection and characterization of cancer in dogs using next-generation sequencing (NGS) of blood-derived DNA; study results are reported here. In total, 1,358 cancer-diagnosed and presumably cancer-free dogs were enrolled in the study, representing the range of breeds, weights, ages, and cancer types seen in routine clinical practice; 1,100 subjects met inclusion criteria for analysis and were used in the validation of the test. Overall, the liquid biopsy test demonstrated a 54.7% (95% CI: 49.3–60.0%) sensitivity and a 98.5% (95% CI: 97.0–99.3%) specificity. For three of the most aggressive canine cancers (lymphoma, hemangiosarcoma, osteosarcoma), the detection rate was 85.4% (95% CI: 78.4–90.9%); and for eight of the most common canine cancers (lymphoma, hemangiosarcoma, osteosarcoma, soft tissue sarcoma, mast cell tumor, mammary gland carcinoma, anal sac adenocarcinoma, malignant melanoma), the detection rate was 61.9% (95% CI: 55.3–68.1%). The test detected cancer signal in patients representing 30 distinct cancer types and provided a Cancer Signal Origin prediction for a subset of patients with hematological malignancies. Furthermore, the test accurately detected cancer signal in four presumably cancer-free subjects before the onset of clinical signs, further supporting the utility of liquid biopsy as an early detection test. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that NGS-based liquid biopsy can offer a novel option for noninvasive multi-cancer detection in dogs.

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“…The clinical benefits of earlier cancer detection have been extensively documented in humans 55,60,89,100 as well as in dogs 15,17,22,58,70,72,73,77,92,102,103,111,112,114,119,123,125 , and major veterinary professional organizations have emphasized these benefits through statements such as "early detection is critical for the best outcome" and "neoplasia is frequently treatable and early diagnosis will aid [the] veterinarian in delivering the best care possible". 4,10 The introduction of novel cancer screening tools for dogs raises the important question of when to start screening for cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age at cancer diagnosis by breed, weight, sex, and cancer type in a cohort of over 3,000 dogs: determining the optimal age to initiate cancer screening in canine patients

Rafalko¹,

Kruglyak²,

McCleary‐Wheeler³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The goal of cancer screening is to detect disease at an early stage when treatment may be more effective. Until recently, cancer screening in dogs has relied upon annual physical examinations and routine laboratory tests, which are largely inadequate for detecting preclinical disease. With the introduction of non-invasive liquid biopsy cancer detection methods, the discussion is shifting from How to screen dogs for cancer to When to screen dogs for cancer. To address this question, data from 3,452 cancer-diagnosed subjects were analyzed to determine the age at which dogs of certain breeds and weights are typically diagnosed with cancer. In the study population, the median age at cancer diagnosis was 8.8 years, with males diagnosed at younger ages than females, and spayed/neutered dogs diagnosed at significantly later ages than intact dogs. Overall, weight was inversely correlated with age at cancer diagnosis, and purebred dogs were diagnosed at significantly younger ages than mixed-breed dogs. For breeds with 10 or more subjects, a breed-based median age at diagnosis was calculated. A weight-based linear regression model was developed to predict the median age at diagnosis for breeds represented by fewer than 10 subjects and for mixed-breed dogs. The study findings support a general recommendation to start cancer screening for all dogs at the age of 7, and as early as 4 years of age for breeds with a lower median age at cancer diagnosis, in order to increase the chances of early detection and treatment.

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Definitive‐intent intensity‐modulated radiation therapy for treatment of canine prostatic carcinoma: A multi‐institutional retrospective study

Cited by 13 publications

References 23 publications

Treatment of genitourinary carcinoma in dogs using nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, mitoxantrone, and radiation therapy: A retrospective study

Treatment of genitourinary carcinoma in dogs using nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, mitoxantrone, and radiation therapy: A retrospective study

Clinical validation of a next-generation sequencing-based multi-cancer early detection “liquid biopsy” blood test in over 1,000 dogs using an independent testing set: The CANcer Detection in Dogs (CANDiD) study

Age at cancer diagnosis by breed, weight, sex, and cancer type in a cohort of over 3,000 dogs: determining the optimal age to initiate cancer screening in canine patients

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