Definition of the Readily Releasable Pool of Vesicles at Hippocampal Synapses

Rosenmund, Christian; Stevens, Charles F.

doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80146-4

Cited by 956 publications

(988 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Moreover, enhanced EPSC amplitudes were not owing to changes of the readily releasable pool of SVs, as revealed by hypertonic sucrose applications, inducing Ca 2 þ -independent release [20] (charge transfer, wt ¼ 1.59 ± 0.23 nC; het ¼ 1.71 ± 0.23 nC, Fig 2E). Finally, the charge transfer at glutamatergic synapses induced by 40 mM calcimycin, which causes calcium-dependent exocytosis bypassing activation of VGCCs [21], was lower, although not significantly, in het neurons with respect to wt (wt ¼ 0.29± 0.38 nC, het ¼ 0.22±0.57 nC, Fig 2F), suggesting a requirement of presynaptic calcium channels in the SNAP-25-dependent effects.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Glutamatergic Currents In Developing mentioning

confidence: 88%

Reduced SNAP‐25 alters short‐term plasticity at developing glutamatergic synapses

et al. 2013

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SNAP-25 is a key component of the synaptic-vesicle fusion machinery, involved in several psychiatric diseases including schizophrenia and ADHD. SNAP-25 protein expression is lower in different brain areas of schizophrenic patients and in ADHD mouse models. How the reduced expression of SNAP-25 alters the properties of synaptic transmission, leading to a pathological phenotype, is unknown. We show that, unexpectedly, halved SNAP-25 levels at 13-14 DIV not only fail to impair synaptic transmission but instead enhance evoked glutamatergic neurotransmission. This effect is possibly dependent on presynaptic voltage-gated calcium channel activity and is not accompanied by changes in spontaneous quantal events or in the pool of readily releasable synaptic vesicles. Notably, synapses of 13-14 DIV neurons with reduced SNAP-25 expression show paired-pulse depression as opposed to paired-pulse facilitation occurring in their wild-type counterparts. This phenotype disappears with synapse maturation. As alterations in short-term plasticity represent a new mechanism contributing to cognitive impairments in intellectual disabilities, our data provide mechanistic clues for neuronal circuit alterations in psychiatric diseases characterized by reduced expression of SNAP-25.

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Section: Results and Discussion Glutamatergic Currents In Developing mentioning

confidence: 88%

Reduced SNAP‐25 alters short‐term plasticity at developing glutamatergic synapses

et al. 2013

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“…The methods used for electrophysiological recordings of hippocampal neurons 38,41 and chromaffin cells 40,42 were previously described.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synaptobrevin2 is the v-SNARE required for cytotoxic T-lymphocyte lytic granule fusion

et al. 2013

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Cytotoxic T lymphocytes kill virus-infected and tumorigenic target cells through the release of perforin and granzymes via fusion of lytic granules at the contact site, the immunological synapse. It has been postulated that this fusion process is mediated by non-neuronal members of the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor complex protein family. Here, using a synaptobrevin2-monomeric red fluorescence protein knock-in mouse we demonstrate that, surprisingly, the major neuronal v-SNARE synaptobrevin2 is expressed in cytotoxic T lymphocytes and exclusively localized on granzyme B-containing lytic granules. Cleavage of synaptobrevin2 by tetanus toxin or ablation of the synaptobrevin2 gene leads to a complete block of lytic granule exocytosis while leaving upstream events unaffected, identifying synaptobrevin2 as the v-SNARE responsible for the fusion of lytic granules at the immunological synapse.

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“…The presynaptic terminal is characterized by a cluster of neurotransmitter-containing synaptic vesicles and transmission proceeds with their activity-driven fusion leading to the discharge of chemical transmitter towards postsynaptic receptors. While vesicles appear morphologically equivalent they can be sub-divided into pools on the basis of their functional behaviour, including a recycling pool (see 2,3 , readilyreleasable pool 4 , spontaneous pool 5,6 and superpool 7,8 . Understanding the properties of these pools has become increasingly important with the realization that they are potentially critical substrates in setting synaptic strength 9,10 and represent modifiable targets on which forms of plasticity 9,[11][12][13][14] or disease-like conditions [15][16][17] might act to modulate or disrupt information flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructural readout of functional synaptic vesicle pools in hippocampal slices based on FM dye labeling and photoconversion

et al. 2014

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(2014) Ultrastructural readout of functional synaptic vesicle pools in hippocampal slices based on FM dye labeling and photoconversion. Nature Protocols, 9 (6). pp. 1337 -1347 . ISSN 1754 -2189 This version is available from Sussex Research Online: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/60182/ This document is made available in accordance with publisher policies and may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the URL above for details on accessing the published version. Copyright and reuse:Sussex Research Online is a digital repository of the research output of the University.Copyright and all moral rights to the version of the paper presented here belong to the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. To the extent reasonable and practicable, the material made available in SRO has been checked for eligibility before being made available.Copies of full text items generally can be reproduced, displayed or performed and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way.

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Definition of the Readily Releasable Pool of Vesicles at Hippocampal Synapses

Cited by 956 publications

References 27 publications

Reduced SNAP‐25 alters short‐term plasticity at developing glutamatergic synapses

Reduced SNAP‐25 alters short‐term plasticity at developing glutamatergic synapses

Synaptobrevin2 is the v-SNARE required for cytotoxic T-lymphocyte lytic granule fusion

Ultrastructural readout of functional synaptic vesicle pools in hippocampal slices based on FM dye labeling and photoconversion

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