Definition of terms used to judge the efficacy of diagnostic tests: a graphic approach.

Brismar, J.; Jacobsson, Bengt

doi:10.2214/ajr.155.3.2117365

Cited by 25 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…To supplement previously published introductory material (2)(3)(4), I will relate the nine fundamental principles to the specific clinical scenario just described to illustrate the strengths and weaknesses of using them for clinical decision making and clinical research. I plan to answer the following questions in the course of this discussion: Which descriptors of an examination are the best intrinsic measures of performance?…”

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confidence: 99%

Fundamental Measures of Diagnostic Examination Performance: Usefulness for Clinical Decision Making and Research

Langlotz

2003

Radiology

104

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Measures of diagnostic accuracy, such as sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and receiver operating characteristic curves, can often seem like abstract mathematic concepts that have a minimal relationship with clinical decision making or clinical research. The purpose of this article is to provide definitions and examples of these concepts that illustrate their usefulness in specific clinical decision-making tasks. In particular, nine principles are provided to guide the use of these concepts in daily radiology practice, in interpreting clinical literature, and in designing clinical research studies. An understanding of these principles and of the measures of diagnostic accuracy to which they apply is vital to the appropriate evaluation and use of diagnostic imaging examinations.

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confidence: 99%

Fundamental Measures of Diagnostic Examination Performance: Usefulness for Clinical Decision Making and Research

Langlotz

2003

Radiology

104

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“…Neither spiculation nor pneumatosis was recognized on any plain abdominal radiograph in this series of children. The intestinal cut-off sign had a sensitivity of 73 % and specificity of 76 % [6]. It was seen in 40 of the 55 episodes of enterocolitis (73 %), and in 21 of the other 86 (24 %) abdominal series (including 2 children with small bowel obstruction from adhesions, 1 with severe constipation, and 18 surveillance studies).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Enterocolitis following endorectal pull-through procedure in children with Hirschsprung's disease

1994

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The enterocolitis following a pull-through in Hirschsprung's disease can be life-threatening and difficult to distinguish clinically from gastroenteritis and post-operative complications. We reviewed retrospectively the abdominal radiographs in our series to identify specific radiographic characteristics of this syndrome in this population. A total of 55 episodes of enterocolitis with an abdominal series at presentation were located in the files of 43 patients following pull-through surgery for Hirschsprung's disease. There were 15 abdominal series with other complications of Hirschsprung's disease and surgery (seven cases of small bowel obstruction, one of fistula, one of abscess, six of severe constipation) and 71 surveillance follow-up studies. Radiographs were evaluated for bowel dilatation, air-fluid levels, intestinal cut-off sign, speculation, and pneumatosis. The intestinal cut-off sign with two or more air-fluid levels had sensitivity of 68% and specificity of 83%, with a positive predictive value of 0.71 and overall accuracy of 77%. Our review of enterocolitis following pull-through in children with Hirschsprung's disease concludes that the constellation of an intestinal cut-off sign and at least two air-fluid levels on the abdominal series strongly suggests the diagnosis.

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“…Efficacy is typically quantified by standard measures such as sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. 11,13 Alternatively, the clinical effectiveness of an imaging examination describes the utility of a diagnostic examination in guiding treatment decisions that affect patient outcomes. Clinical effectiveness can be assessed by comparing outcomes between groups of patients who were treated based on the findings of the different diagnostic examinations.…”

Section: Diagnostic Efficacy Vs Clinical Effectivenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrast-enhanced pulmonary MRA for the primary diagnosis of pulmonary embolism: current state of the art and future directions

Benson

Schiebler

Repplinger

et al. 2017

BJR

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CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is currently considered the imaging standard of care for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE). Recent advances in contrast-enhanced pulmonary MR angiography (MRA) techniques have led to increased use of this modality for the detection of PE in the proper clinical setting. This review is intended to provide an introduction to the state-of-the-art techniques used in pulmonary MRA for the detection of PE and to discuss possible future directions for this modality. This review discusses the following issues pertinent to MRA for the diagnosis of PE: (1) the diagnostic efficacy and clinical effectiveness for pulmonary MRA relative to CTPA, (2) the different pulmonary MRA techniques used for the detection of PE, (3) guidance for building a clinical service at their institution using MRA and (4) future directions of PE MRA. Our principal aim was to show how pulmonary MRA can be used as a safe, effective modality for the diagnosis of clinically significant PE, particularly for those patients where there are concerns about ionizing radiation or contraindications/allergies to the iodinated contrast material.

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Definition of terms used to judge the efficacy of diagnostic tests: a graphic approach.

Cited by 25 publications

References 9 publications

Fundamental Measures of Diagnostic Examination Performance: Usefulness for Clinical Decision Making and Research

Fundamental Measures of Diagnostic Examination Performance: Usefulness for Clinical Decision Making and Research

Enterocolitis following endorectal pull-through procedure in children with Hirschsprung's disease

Contrast-enhanced pulmonary MRA for the primary diagnosis of pulmonary embolism: current state of the art and future directions

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