Definition of False-Positive Reactions in Screening for Hepatitis C Virus Antibodies

Schröter, Matthias; Schäfer, Peter; Zöllner, Bernhard; Polywka, Susanne; Laufs, Rainer

doi:10.1128/jcm.37.1.233-234.1999

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The various facilities analysed in the study showed a mean false positivity of 2.2%, 2.8% and 11.1% for HBV, HCV and HIV testing respectively when compared with ELISA ( Table 1 ). These rates are in the range of what was obtained in other studies [ 25 , 27 , 28 ]. The mean false negative was 3.0%, 75.0% and 0.0% for HBV, HCV and HIV respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Diagnostic accuracy of blood centers in the screening of blood donors for viral markers

Dogbe¹,

Arthur²

2015

Pan Afr Med J

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IntroductionBlood transfusion still remains a life saving intervention in almost all healthcare facilities worldwide. Screening of blood donors/blood units is done in almost every blood bank facility before the blood units/blood components are transfused to prevent transfusion-transmissible infections. The kind of testing kits or the methods used by a facility and the technical expertise of the personnel greatly affects the screening results of a facility. This study was aimed at evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of five hospital-based blood bank testing facilities (Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital KNUST, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Agogo, Bekwai and Sunyani) that used rapid immunochromatograhic assays (RIA) in screening blood donors/blood units in Ghana.MethodsBlood samples (300) from the five testing facilities and their screening results for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibodies to hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) using RIAs were obtained. All the samples were then analysed for the three viral markers using 3rd generational enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit as the gold standard.ResultsThe mean false positive for HBsAg was 2.2% with Bekwai testing facility having the highest of 4.4%. For HCV, the mean false positive was 2.8% with Agogo and Bekwai testing facilities having the highest of 8.7% respectively. For HIV screening, the mean false positive was 11.1% with Bekwai testing facility having the highest of 28.0%. The mean false negative for the facilities were 3.0% for HBV, 75.0% for HCV and 0.0% for HIV with KATH having the highest of 6.3% for HBV, Bekwai having the highest of 100% for HCV and no facility showing false negative for HIV. Mean sensitivity of the screening procedure for the facilities was 97.0%, 25.0% and 100.0% whilst the mean specificity was 97.8%, 97.2% and 88.9% for HBV, HCV and HIV respectively. Statistical comparison among the testing facilities showed no significant differences among the various testing centres for HBV screening; however, significant differences were obtained for HCV and HIV screening.ConclusionThis study has shown that there is no standardised screening procedure for blood bank testing facilities in the country. There is therefore an urgent need for an internal and external control body to oversee screening procedures in blood banks across the country.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Diagnostic accuracy of blood centers in the screening of blood donors for viral markers

Dogbe¹,

Arthur²

2015

Pan Afr Med J

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“…Therefore, its use is not currently recommended. 1,11,[27][28][29] Simple assays of cellular immunity, such as interferon enzyme-linked immunospot, might be added to the methods for the diagnosis of HCV infections, 30 mainly in cases with low antibody levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this scenario, only a RIBA‐positive subject requires HCV RNA testing because of a low possibility of being viremic (Table 3). However, the RIBA test has disadvantages, such as the variable proportion of indeterminate results 27 and the extended time required for its execution. Therefore, its use is not currently recommended 1,11,27‐29 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the RIBA test has disadvantages, such as the variable proportion of indeterminate results 27 and the extended time required for its execution. Therefore, its use is not currently recommended 1,11,27‐29 . Simple assays of cellular immunity, such as interferon enzyme‐linked immunospot, might be added to the methods for the diagnosis of HCV infections, 30 mainly in cases with low antibody levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High antibody level: an accurate serologic marker of viremia in asymptomatic people with hepatitis C infection

et al. 2010

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“…Therefore, most laboratories report positive results based only on the antibody and do not verify these results with more specific testing 8 . On the other hand, RIBA also has additional disadvantages, such as the variable proportion of indeterminate results due a nonspecific false reactivity, a phenomenon that has been reported in blood donors, 10,11 and the extended time required for its execution. Therefore, its use is not currently recommended 12‐16 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Very low hepatitis C antibody levels predict false‐positive results and avoid supplemental testing

et al. 2008

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Definition of False-Positive Reactions in Screening for Hepatitis C Virus Antibodies

Cited by 23 publications

References 16 publications

Diagnostic accuracy of blood centers in the screening of blood donors for viral markers

Diagnostic accuracy of blood centers in the screening of blood donors for viral markers

High antibody level: an accurate serologic marker of viremia in asymptomatic people with hepatitis C infection

Very low hepatitis C antibody levels predict false‐positive results and avoid supplemental testing

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