Definition, Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes, Prediabetes and Metabolic Syndrome

Punthakee, Zubin; Goldenberg, Ronald; Katz, Pamela

doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2017.10.003

Cited by 632 publications

(526 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…Mean age was 55 ± 14 years, with a mean BMI of 31.3 ± 3.1 kg m −2 . All participants presented fasting hyperinsulinemia; however, 10 subjects were considered prediabetic using glucose levels 2 h after a 75 g glucose challenge (glucose levels between 7.8–11.1 mmol L −1 ) . The mean intake of dairy products at the end of HD was 5.8 ± 2.0 servings per day compared with 2.5 ± 1.7 servings per day at baseline values.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Dairy Product Intake Alters Serum Metabolite Profiles in Subjects at Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes

O’Connor

Leclercq

Julien

et al. 2019

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Scope Metabolomics is increasingly used to identify biomarkers of diet or chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes. Yet, metabolite signatures following dairy intake in hyperinsulinemic subjects have not been identified. The objective is to evaluate the effects of a high dairy diet (HD) for 6 weeks (4 servings or more per day), compared with an adequate dairy diet (AD) (2 servings or less per day), on serum metabolite profiles in hyperinsulinemic adults. Methods and results In this crossover trial, subjects are randomized to HD or AD for 6 weeks. Serum metabolites are assessed using GC/MS. Twenty‐six subjects completed the study. Levels of pentadecanoic acid, tyrosine and lathosterol are increased in HD, while 1,5‐anhydrosorbitol, myo‐inositol, 3‐aminoisobutyric acid and beta‐sitosterol are decreased (p < 0.05). Sorbitol levels are increased after AD, while hexanoic acid, lauric acid, l‐kynurenine, methionine, and benzoic acid levels are reduced (p < 0.05). Histidine, caprylic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, lauric acid, heptadecanoic acid, and benzoic acid levels are increased in HD compared to AD, while malic acid levels are increased in AD compared with HD (p < 0.05). Conclusion Higher dairy products intake modifies metabolite profiles in hyperinsulinemic subjects.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Dairy Product Intake Alters Serum Metabolite Profiles in Subjects at Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes

O’Connor

Leclercq

Julien

et al. 2019

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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“…Prior to use, the system was tested for quality control as indicated by the Roche training guide. Adolescents were classified as at increased risk for developing diabetes, prediabetic and type 2 diabetic with levels of HbA1C of 5.5%‐5.9%, 6.0%‐6.4%, and above 6.5%, respectively . All participants who tested above 5.9% were referred to their family physician for follow‐up and additional testing.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adolescents were classified as at increased risk for developing diabetes, prediabetic and type 2 diabetic with levels of HbA1C of 5.5%-5.9%, 6.0%-6.4%, and above 6.5%, respectively. 21…”

Section: Anthropometry Blood Pressure and Diabetes Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediabetes: An emerging public health concern in adolescents

Spurr

Bally

Allan

et al. 2019

Endocrino Diabet & Metabol

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Summary Objectives To identify the presence of risk factors for type 2 diabetes (ethnicity, body mass index, blood glucose tolerance and blood pressure) and to determine the prevalence of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in Canadian adolescents attending two multicultural urban high schools. Methods A total of 266 multicultural urban high school students who live in a mid‐sized Western Canadian city, aged 14‐21, were screened for risk factors of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in March‐April 2018. Data with respect to demographics, family history of diabetes, anthropometrics, blood pressure and haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were collected. Data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics in addition to chi‐square analyses. Results Based on body mass index, 38% of the adolescents were classified as either overweight or obese. Overweight rates for females (69.8%) were double than males (30.2%); however, males (52.2%) were more likely to obese than the females (47.8%). Based on HbA1c levels, 29.3% were at high risk to develop either diabetes or prediabetes and 2.6% were classified in the prediabetes range. Prehypertension/hypertension rates of 47% in the sample increased to 51% in those adolescents with elevated HbA1c; the majority of these prehypertensive/hypertensive participants were male. Conclusion High rates of overweight/obesity and prehypertension/hypertension were found in the adolescents studied and indicated the presence of prediabetes and an increased risk to develop type 2 diabetes and associated complications. Obesity and hypertension are major risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes, resulting in earlier exposure to metabolic consequences and, ultimately, long‐term complications. Thus, timely research is needed to identify age‐appropriate strategies that address risks and to develop recommendations for routine screening of adolescents for prediabetes.

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“…A diagnosis of diabetes was defined as per the 2013 Canadian Diabetes Association clinical practice guidelines [8] or a physician documented that the patient was taking insulin or other hypoglycemic agents. Hyperlipidemia was defined as per the 2012 Canadian Cardiovascular Society guidelines [9].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of Self-Reported Cardiovascular Disease and Associated Co- Morbidities in a Large Canadian Cohort of Early Inflammatory Arthritis

Barra¹,

Arsenault-Mehta²,

Pope³

et al. 2017

Rheumatology (Sunnyvale)

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Objective: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and risk factors for CVD (smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes) are commonly associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). We aimed to determine the validity of selfreported CVD events and risk factors in the Canadian Early Arthritis Cohort (CATCH).Methods: CATCH is a multicenter inception cohort of patients with early RA. Various co-morbidities and pharmacologic therapies are self-reported at baseline and at each follow-up visit. Using a randomly selected subgroup of subjects enrolled in CATCH from one representative site, we performed a detailed review of their complete medical record to identify diagnoses of CVD events, risk factors and drug therapies. The validity of selfreported variables was determined using the Cohen's kappa statistic. Results:The validation subgroup (N=141) was similar to the entire CATCH population (N=2626) with respect to baseline demographics and RA disease characteristics. There was very good agreement between self-report and the medical record for cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events (kappa=0.66), as well as for hypertension and diabetes (kappa=0.70 and 0.81, respectively). Subjects tended to under-report dyslipidemia and the reporting of lipid-lowering and antiplatelet/anticoagulant agents was inaccurate compared to the medical record. Conclusion:Self-reported cardiovascular disease, hypertension and diabetes was representative of the medical record suggesting that these self-reported variables are valuable for future studies of this early RA population.

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Definition, Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes, Prediabetes and Metabolic Syndrome

Cited by 632 publications

References 56 publications

Increased Dairy Product Intake Alters Serum Metabolite Profiles in Subjects at Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes

Increased Dairy Product Intake Alters Serum Metabolite Profiles in Subjects at Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes

Prediabetes: An emerging public health concern in adolescents

Validation of Self-Reported Cardiovascular Disease and Associated Co- Morbidities in a Large Canadian Cohort of Early Inflammatory Arthritis

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