Defining, Understanding, and Managing the Complex Psychological Aspects of Third-Party Reproduction

Braverman, Andrea Mechanick

doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-2392-7_14

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Surrogacy typically comprises a formal legal arrangement based on effective communication; mutual collaboration; and matched expectations, interests, and goals between IPs and surrogates (Braverman, 2013). Research shows that these surrogacy relationships are a critical facet of third-party reproduction; surrogates tend to enter arrangements with hope and anticipation of developing close, intimate, and enduring friendships with their IPs (Berend, 2012(Berend, , 2014.…”

Section: Surrogacy Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Men and a Surrogate: A Qualitative Study of Surrogacy Relationships in Canada

Fantus

2020

Family Relations

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ObjectiveTo retrospectively explore how gay fathers and gestational surrogates in Canada perceived their relationship at three distinct time points: prepregnancy, during pregnancy, and postbirth.BackgroundCanada has witnessed an increased number of gay men seeking fatherhood through surrogacy. However, there is limited empirical research on the experiences and perspectives of surrogacy for gay men, both in Canada and worldwide.MethodQualitative in‐depth interviews (∼60–120 minutes) were conducted with (a) gestational surrogates implanted with one or more embryos from a donated egg and gay fathers' sperm, (b) gay men who pursued gestational surrogacy to have a biological child, and (c) single or partnered gay men and their paired surrogate. Participants who agreed to participate, who were willing to contact their third party, and whose matched party agreed resulted in a surrogate triad in which the intended parents and surrogate all participated. Interviews (n = 21) were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using interpretive phenomenological analysis.ResultsFindings from the present study draw attention to the intricacies of surrogacy relationships and demonstrate the variability of how gay men and surrogates identify and address their procreative roles and responsibilities through pregnancy and postbirth.ConclusionParticipant narratives challenge heteronormative experiences of pregnancy and childbirth, extending the two‐parent family paradigm to include families of choice and a close network of individuals and communities.ImplicationsAllied health professionals ought to provide competent, inclusive care that actively confronts a priori biases and assumptions regarding same‐sex parent families and surrogacy.

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Section: Surrogacy Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Men and a Surrogate: A Qualitative Study of Surrogacy Relationships in Canada

Fantus

2020

Family Relations

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“…According to the World Health Organization, 12–15% of the couples ( 48 ) are infertile, which is more than one quarter of married women of childbearing age. In 2013, in the United States, only 1% of all births was done by IVF/ICSI and 10% of these pregnancies resulted from donated eggs ( 49 ). Reports show increasing interest in using these methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Third Party Reproduction on Family and Kinship

Ardakani

Mehrdad

Tremayne³

et al. 2020

JRI

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The development of in vitro fertilization (IVF) in the UK, in 1978, proved a major breakthrough in the process of human reproduction, which had remained constant in human history. The impact of IVF and the ensuing assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) has not been limited in revolutionizing the "natural" practice of biological reproduction, but has reached out to and affected almost every institution in society. Family and kinship, as the social expression of reproduction and the institutions which are the most transparently structured realm of human life are those most profoundly affected by ARTs. Although literature on the implications of ARTs is in general abundant, this article presents new insights on their impact on family and kinship in Iran, which remains a unique case in the Muslim world. It explores the particular way ARTs, especially third-party donation, have been endorsed and practiced in Iran, and their consequences for the family, the infertile individuals, and their position vis-à-vis their kin and social group. The conclusion points to the lack of clarity concerning the initial rulings by the Islamic jurists, who allowed the practice of ARTs, and which has led to a number of unintended consequences regarding the legal, religious, cultural, and ethical issues, affecting the family, its structure and the relationship between the kin group. These consequences range, inter alia, from the question of the anonymity of third-party donor, to the permissibility of gamete donation between blood relatives, and to the absence of enforceable legislation.

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Defining, Understanding, and Managing the Complex Psychological Aspects of Third-Party Reproduction

Cited by 2 publications

References 20 publications

Two Men and a Surrogate: A Qualitative Study of Surrogacy Relationships in Canada

Two Men and a Surrogate: A Qualitative Study of Surrogacy Relationships in Canada

The Impact of Third Party Reproduction on Family and Kinship

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