Defining the Problem of Air Pollution in Metropolitan Birmingham, Alabama

Robison, Charles B.; Chambers, John C.; Bates, J. W.

doi:10.2307/4593476

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The major contributors were mines, industrial mills, and factories that manufactured iron ore. Early studies during the peak of the manufacturing boom in Alabama pointed out the importance of industrial emissions on Birmingham’s air quality, which identified domestic, transportation, commercial, and industrial sources as predominant sources [ 31 ]. A study conducted in 1956 during and after the steel strike in Birmingham, AL showed the effect of the industries on particulate matter [ 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of COVID-19 Related Changes on Air Quality in Birmingham, Alabama, United States

Jacob

Stowe

Babarinde

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Air pollution is responsible for a wide range of health effects in exposed populations. Variations in local air pollution can affect local population health outcomes. The strict regulations imposed during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic (‘lockdowns’) resulted in a unique situation where human mobility was limited significantly, resulting in improved air quality in several major cities. The main goal of this study was to investigate if lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted air quality in Birmingham, Alabama—a city with a history of high air pollution levels—with a focus on PM2.5 (Particulate Matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 µm) and NO2 (Nitrogen dioxide). Daily air pollutant and traffic data were obtained for the Birmingham Metropolitan Area for the period January to October 2020, and previous years. Mean PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations and traffic volumes during the official city/state lockdown period (24 March to 30 April 2020) were compared to pre- and post-lockdown means. The mean PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations during the lockdown did not significantly differ from that of the pre- or post-lockdown periods. However, NO2 significantly decreased even after the lockdown order was removed, with the mean decreasing significantly compared to pre-lockdown and lockdown periods. Both PM2.5 and NO2 annual means in 2020 were significantly lower than the annual means in 2019, indicating the occurrence of significant changes over the longer term that were not limited by defined lockdown periods. Traffic significantly increased after the lockdown order was removed but did not correlate with the two pollutants studied. Therefore, we conclude that the Stay at Home/lockdown regulations and other COVID-19 restrictions had an impact on the air quality of Birmingham Alabama; although these lockdown impacts varied for each pollutant and were not limited only by the official lockdown dates/periods.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%