Defining the function of a prolactin gene family member

Green, Jonathan A.

doi:10.1073/pnas.0406934101

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As part of the interface between the fetus and the mother, gene products that are functional in trophoblast are targets of selective pressures arising from this so called 'genetic arms race'. These selective pressures are thought to drive the birth of novel gene families [ 8 ]. Indeed, examples of such gene families do exist in the placenta of domestic cattle and other ruminant ungulates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the bovine pregnancy-associated glycoprotein gene family – analysis of gene sequences, regulatory regions within the promoter and expression of selected genes

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The Pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) belong to a large family of aspartic peptidases expressed exclusively in the placenta of species in the Artiodactyla order. In cattle, the PAG gene family is comprised of at least 22 transcribed genes, as well as some variants. Phylogenetic analyses have shown that the PAG family segregates into 'ancient' and 'modern' groupings. Along with sequence differences between family members, there are clear distinctions in their spatiotemporal distribution and in their relative level of expression. In this report, 1) we performed an in silico analysis of the bovine genome to further characterize the PAG gene family, 2) we scrutinized proximal promoter sequences of the PAG genes to evaluate the evolution pressures operating on them and to identify putative regulatory regions, 3) we determined relative transcript abundance of selected PAGs during pregnancy and, 4) we performed preliminary characterization of the putative regulatory elements for one of the candidate PAGs, bovine (bo) PAG-2.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the bovine pregnancy-associated glycoprotein gene family – analysis of gene sequences, regulatory regions within the promoter and expression of selected genes

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A comparison of the mouse and human genomes, for example, reveals particularly high divergence among the genes associated with resistance to pathogens and olfaction (Consortium, 2004). Certain gene families expressed in the placenta also show evidence for rapid adaptive change through gene duplication and nt sequence divergence (Green, 2004;Hughes et al, 2000). The TKDP family seems to provide an extreme example of this phenomenon, as there are not even remnants of this gene family detectable in the human and mouse genomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Another might be that transcriptional controls operating in placental trophoblast are relatively relaxed, prompting the expression of genes that provide no fitness advantage to the animal. Whatever the explanation, the trophoblast has spawned several new gene families (Xie et al, 1997;Roberts et al, 2003;Green, 2004), whose function, for the most part remains mysterious, but that might represent the interests of the fetus in its relationship with the mother.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Origin and evolution of the TKDP gene family

Chakrabarty

Green

Roberts

2006

Gene

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Subsequent research in this field has revealed that multigene families are expressed in the reproductive tract of mammalian species during this period of life (Green 2004;Telugu et al 2009). Pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) are an example of this type of family.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mRNA expression profiling in cotyledons reveals significant up‐regulation of the two bovine pregnancy‐associated glycoprotein genes boPAG‐8 and boPAG‐11 in early gestation

Wiedemann

Krebs

Momberg

et al. 2018

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The multigene family of pregnancy‐associated glycoproteins (PAGs) belongs to a group of aspartic proteases that are exclusively expressed by trophoblast cells in the placenta of even‐toed ungulates. In Bovidae, 22 different PAG genes (boPAGs) with a wide range of temporal and spatial expression‐ and glycosylation patterns have been reported to date. In this study we describe the mRNA expression patterns using real‐time quantitative PCR (qPCR) for selected modern (boPAG‐1, ‐9, ‐21) and ancient bovine PAGs (boPAG‐2, ‐8, ‐10, ‐11, ‐12) in cotyledonary tissue. The highest mean expression was detected in boPAG‐8 and lowest in boPAG‐10 (P < 0.05). Furthermore, boPAG‐8 and ‐11 were significantly greater expressed in early gestation compared with later pregnancy stages. The characterization of boPAG mRNA‐expression levels gives important insights for further protein analyses which will be valuable information for the development of new pregnancy detection systems.

show abstract

Defining the function of a prolactin gene family member

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Characterization of the bovine pregnancy-associated glycoprotein gene family – analysis of gene sequences, regulatory regions within the promoter and expression of selected genes

Characterization of the bovine pregnancy-associated glycoprotein gene family – analysis of gene sequences, regulatory regions within the promoter and expression of selected genes

Origin and evolution of the TKDP gene family

mRNA expression profiling in cotyledons reveals significant up‐regulation of the two bovine pregnancy‐associated glycoprotein genes boPAG‐8 and boPAG‐11 in early gestation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About