Defining the field of research in entrepreneurship

Conceptualising entrepreneurship as economic 'explanation' and the consequent loss of 'understanding'

“…Contrast this view with Morris et al (2001) who saw a key objective in entrepreneurship research as building theories and discovering the irrefutable laws of entrepreneurship. A search for explanatory laws seems very much at odds with the understanding suggested by Bruyat and Julien (2001;177), "to understand an entrepreneurial event, we must first understand the individual and the project, and then the links between them throughout the start-up, survival and/or development process, and finally the influence of the environment, and hence of other entrepreneurs and the various resources provided by the environment. "…”

“…Redlich (1949) argues that following Say's definition, entrepreneurship began to be considered as an economic phenomenon. Bruyat and Julien (2001) reviewing the history of entrepreneurship identified the following key authorities; Cantillon: The entrepreneur is someone who assumes the risk and may legitimately appropriate any profits; Turgot and Say: The entrepreneur is different from the capitalist, who assumes the risk or uncertainly-the entrepreneur obtains and organizes production factors to create value; Schumpeter: The entrepreneur performs the function of innovation that enables the liberal system to persist by going beyond its contradictions. Bruyat and Julien specifically note that all four of the authors cited above worked in an economic perspective and make no attempt to define entrepreneurship as a new field of research.…”

“…Entrepreneurship is concerned first and foremost with a process of change, emergence and creation: creation of new value; but also, and at the same time, change and creation for the individual (Bruyat and Julien, 2001). Entrepreneurs capture or produce change, so that entrepreneurship is the manifestation of change and change is the entrepreneurial milieu.…”

L’entrepreneuriat en milieu scolaire : de quoi s’agit-il?

“…Par ailleurs, les paradigmes sur lesquels s'appuient les auteurs sont tout aussi variés. L'entrepreneuriat peut, de ce fait, être défini à travers un processus de création de valeur (Bruyat & Julien, 2001), de création d'une organisation (Fayolle, 2004), d'innovation et de créativité (Brazeal & Herbert, 1999), de détection ou de construction d'opportunités d'affaires (Bygrave & Hofer, 1991) ou encore, le plus souvent, à travers une combinaison de deux ou plus de ces quatre aspects (Kobia & Sikalieh, 2010;Verstraete & Fayolle, 2005). 2 S'il est utile d'introduire cette réflexion par un bref aperçu du champ de recherche en entrepreneuriat et, partant, des manières possibles de le définir et de s'y référer, c'est que ce concept est, de plus en plus régulièrement, mis en parallèle avec l'éducation, tous ordres d'enseignement confondus (Deuchar, 2004;Gibb, 1987Gibb, , 1993Hitty, 2002Hitty, , 2008Leffler, 2009;Léger-Jarniou, 2008).…”

Réplica - Empreendedores: Reflexões sobre Concepções Históricas e Contemporâneas

“…Mas é preciso levar em consideração a dimensão temporal na medida em que ela mostra como o empreendedor é fruto da sua época e do meio, pois é em dado contexto de tempo e de espaço que se pode compreender a relação dialógica entre indivíduos e criação de valor (Bruyat & Julien, 2001;Julien, 2010).…”