Defining Targets for Adsorbent Material Performance to Enable Viable BECCS Processes

Abstract

Target properties of CO 2 capture adsorbents that would ensure economic viability of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) are defined. The key role of sorbent lifetime in the process cost is demonstrated, and an optimal heat of adsorption for BECCS is postulated through a balance of adsorbent–adsorbate affinity and regeneration energy demand. Using an exponential decay model of sorbent capacity increases the process cost and results in an optimum sorbent lifetime. To ensure a levelized cost of carbon below $100/tonne-CO 2 , adsorbents should be designed to have working capacities above 0.75 mol/kg, lifetimes over 2 years, heats of adsorption of approximately −40 kJ/mol, and exponential degradation decay constants below 5 × 10 –6 cycle –1 (equivalent to a half-life of 1.3 years). Our model predicts a BECCS process cost of $65/t-CO 2 can be achieved with a degradation-resistant adsorbent, $40/kg sorbent cost, 2.0 mol/kg working capacity, −40 kJ/mol heat of adsorption, and at least a 2 year lifetime.

Sub-Ambient Temperature Direct Air Capture of CO2 using Amine-Impregnated MIL-101(Cr) Enables Ambient Temperature CO2 Recovery

“…Technical-grade TEPA contains not only linear TEPA (T-LIN) but also branched TEPA (T-BRN), TEPA with an inner piperazine ring (T-IPZ), and TEPA with a piperazine ring at the edge (T-EPZ). 55 As shown in Figure S16, the 13 C NMR spectra clearly show that the TEPA used in this study is a mixture of T-BRN, T-LIN, T-IPZ, and T-EPZ, indicating that it also contains a small portion of tertiary amines.…”

“…Two technologies belonging to this approach are especially promising. One is bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), which consists of extracting bioenergy from biomass and capturing the CO 2 produced in the process. , The other aims to directly extract CO 2 from the air. This technology is known as direct air capture (DAC). , …”

Water Bridges Substitute for Defects in Amine-Functionalized UiO-66, Boosting CO2 Adsorption

“…For example, CO 2 removal by direct air capture requires consideration of CO 2 adsorption in the presence of water, and adsorbents that can retain CO 2 in the presence of water would greatly benefit these systems . Similarly, bioenergy processes, generally referred to as bioenergy with carbon capture and storage, would also benefit from such adsorbents because they would reduce, or eliminate, the need to condense water out of the process steam . More fundamentally, research has shown that understanding water interactions on MOF surfaces provides a key insight into the structure of the material. − …”

“…13 Similarly, bioenergy processes, generally referred to as bioenergy with carbon capture and storage, would also benefit from such adsorbents because they would reduce, or eliminate, the need to condense water out of the process steam. 14 More fundamentally, research has shown that understanding water interactions on MOF surfaces provides a key insight into the structure of the material. 15−18 Many studies that have examined these separations have employed either single-component gas adsorption isotherms or breakthrough measurements.…”

Design of Gas Separation Processes Using Type II Porous Liquids as Physical Solvents

“…Capital costs and the operation and management costs were scaled according to the exponential method using an exponent of 0.6. Detailed information concerning the process design and economics can be found in the SI. − The energy requirements and costs for the steam, compressor, and cooling water were estimated from the energy balance for each scenario. The operating cost of CO 2 capture, which only accounts for annual expenses, was calculated by eq . All costs were converted to 2020 USD. …”