Defining neuroplasticity

Innocenti, Giorgio M.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819410-2.00001-1

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 187 publications

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“…The brain is characterized by the now-recognized capacity of changing its own structure and function in response to stimulations that can come from both internal and external environments, which is known as neuroplasticity [1,2]. Structural and functional plastic rearrangements are triggered by the transmission of information through neuronal circuitries, which react to each experience by circulating electrochemical signals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Enrichment Enhances Cerebellar Compensation and Develops Cerebellar Reserve

Gelfo

Petrosini

2022

IJERPH

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The brain is able to change its structure and function in response to environmental stimulations. Several human and animal studies have documented that enhanced stimulations provide individuals with strengthened brain structure and function that allow them to better cope with damage. In this framework, studies based on the exposure of animals to environmental enrichment (EE) have provided indications of the mechanisms involved in such a beneficial action. The cerebellum is a very plastic brain region that responds to every experience with deep structural and functional rearrangement. The present review specifically aims to collect and synthesize the evidence provided by animal models on EE exposure effects on cerebellar structure and function by considering the studies on healthy subjects and on animals exposed to EE both before and after damage involving cerebellar functionality. On the whole, the evidence supports the role of EE in enhancing cerebellar compensation and developing cerebellar reserve. However, since studies addressing this issue are still scarce, large areas of inconsistency and lack of clarity remain. Further studies are required to provide suggestions on possible mechanisms of enhancement of compensatory responses in human patients following cerebellar damage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Enrichment Enhances Cerebellar Compensation and Develops Cerebellar Reserve

Gelfo

Petrosini

2022

IJERPH

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“…As mentioned earlier, certain brain regions always have a high level of neuroplasticity. Therefore, inducing plasticity changes through certain stimuli such as exercise, cognitive training, and environmental changes may have unexpected therapeutic effects ( Innocenti, 2022 ). In recent years, treatment techniques based on the theory of neuroplasticity have emerged continuously.…”

Section: Exercise-induced Neuroplasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise-induced neuroplasticity: a new perspective on rehabilitation for chronic low back pain

Zou,

Hao

2024

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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Chronic low back pain patients often experience recurrent episodes due to various peripheral and central factors, leading to physical and mental impairments, affecting their daily life and work, and increasing the healthcare burden. With the continuous advancement of neuropathological research, changes in brain structure and function in chronic low back pain patients have been revealed. Neuroplasticity is an important mechanism of self-regulation in the brain and plays a key role in neural injury repair. Targeting neuroplasticity and regulating the central nervous system to improve functional impairments has become a research focus in rehabilitation medicine. Recent studies have shown that exercise can have beneficial effects on the body, such as improving cognition, combating depression, and enhancing athletic performance. Exercise-induced neuroplasticity may be a potential mechanism through which exercise affects the brain. This article systematically introduces the theory of exercise-induced neuroplasticity, explores the central effects mechanism of exercise on patients with chronic low back pain, and further looks forward to new directions in targeted neuroplasticity-based rehabilitation treatment for chronic low back pain.

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“…jih posameznik redno uporablja. Pri tem je okolica, vključno s starši ali z drugimi skrbniki, pomemben dejavnik, ki vpliva na potek zorenja izjemno nevroplastičnih otrokovih možganov (Innocenti, 2022). Še več, okoljski dejavniki lahko posežejo celo v spreminjanje izražanja genov, kjer po načelu epigenetskega označevanja utišajo ali aktivirajo ekspresijo posameznih genov, kar lahko vodi v spremembo koncentracije, aktivnosti in stabilnosti njihovih produktov -proteinov (Fujisawa idr., 2019).…”

Section: Ontogenetski Razvojunclassified

Biološke osnove moralnosti

Peternelj

2023

Psiholog v Dilemi: Etične Vsebine in Etična Zavest v Praksi

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PovzetekSkozi evolucijo so se v interakciji z okoljskimi izzivi izoblikovali vedenjski vzorci, ki spodbujajo povezovanje, sodelovanje in skrb drug za drugega. Napredek v kapaciteti sočutja in empatični skrbi je mogoče opaziti tudi skozi perspektivo ontogenetskega razvoja posameznika, torej od spočetja do smrti. Danes je znano, da imajo pomembno vlogo v razvoju in modulaciji moralnosti človeka živčni sistem, hormoni ter tudi epigenetski mehanizmi, ki vključujejo podedovane genetske zapise, ki se lahko v specifičnih življenjskih okoliščinah različno intenzivno izražajo. Nevrobiologija empatije predstavlja trenutno najbolj preučevano področje, raziskave kažejo, da gre za kompleksno sodelovanje tako nižjih kot višjih možganskih struktur, avtonomnega živčevja in verjetno tudi osi črevesje-možgani. Pri tem je treba poudariti, da vzgoja, kultura in družbena naravnanost širijo ali pa ožajo prostor za izražanje altruistično usmerjenih bioloških sistemov, posegajo celo v celično okolje ter tako kritično oblikujejo človekov moralni ustroj. Plastičnost oz. prilagodljivost organizma, vključno s čustveno inteligentnostjo ter sposobnostjo sodelovanja, je močno orodje preživetvene in produktivne I.5

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Defining neuroplasticity

Cited by 12 publications

References 187 publications

Environmental Enrichment Enhances Cerebellar Compensation and Develops Cerebellar Reserve

Environmental Enrichment Enhances Cerebellar Compensation and Develops Cerebellar Reserve

Exercise-induced neuroplasticity: a new perspective on rehabilitation for chronic low back pain

Biološke osnove moralnosti

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