Defining ethnic, national, and dual identities: Structure, antecedents, and consequences of multiple social identities of Turkish‐origin high school students in Germany

Martiny, Sarah E.; Froehlich, Laura; Deaux, Kay; Mok, Sog Yee

doi:10.1002/casp.2318

Cited by 24 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Yet it is unlikely that the German context provides a more friendly intergroup climate as comparative studies that include Germany along with other European immigrant destinations reveal it to be among the least inclusive in terms of minorities' identification with the nation . Similarly, Martiny et al (2017) also found ethnic identification of Turkish-origin mid-adolescents to be negatively related to their German national identification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Similarly, Martiny et al . () also found ethnic identification of Turkish‐origin mid‐adolescents to be negatively related to their German national identification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“… The latter has been found to be more strongly linked to national than to ethnic identification among Turkish‐origin youth in Germany (Martiny, Froehlich, Deaux, & Mok, ). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identity threat and identity multiplicity among minority youth: Longitudinal relations of perceived discrimination with ethnic, religious, and national identification in Germany

Fleischmann

Leszczensky

Pink

2019

British J Social Psychol

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The notion that ethnic and religious minority identities are inherently incompatible with the national identities of European immigrant‐receiving societies is popular in public discourse. Although findings documenting such negative associations seemingly support this claim, other research shows that the intergroup context matters for the extent to which minorities’ ethnic and religious identities are conflicting (i.e., negatively associated) or compatible (i.e., positively associated) with European national identities. However, previous research relied on cross‐sectional data and therefore could not capture the dynamic process through which minority youth come to develop compatible or conflicting identification patterns. We extend this work with a longitudinal approach by capturing developmental trajectories of identity multiplicity among ethnic minority early adolescents in Germany over three waves with 9‐month intervals. At each measurement point, participants reported their ethnic, religious, and (German) national identification and their experiences with discriminatory treatment. We estimate a cross‐lagged panel model to study how identification relates to perceived discrimination and how this affects (changes in) associations between ethnic, religious, and national identification of minority youth. Our results show prevalent positive associations between ethnic, religious, and national identification across minority youth in the sample. Those who report more frequent discrimination, however, lower their (German) national identification over time, which in turn predicts increased minority identification. We conclude that identity threat indeed triggers a development of more conflicting identification patterns.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Similarly, Martiny et al . () also found ethnic identification of Turkish‐origin mid‐adolescents to be negatively related to their German national identification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Identity threat and identity multiplicity among minority youth: Longitudinal relations of perceived discrimination with ethnic, religious, and national identification in Germany

Fleischmann

Leszczensky

Pink

2019

British J Social Psychol

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“…The significance of this work is that it suggests that diverse communities have an inherent positive effect on cross-ethnic friendship choices in young people; diversity propagates cross-ethnic friendship. Martiny et al (2017) bring together two lines of research, contact, and identity and advance our understanding of multiple identities in migrant children by showing the complex interplay of identity, contact, and integration. They explore how situational variables (in this case, intergroup contact) can shape identities, as well as examining the consequences of holding these identities for feelings of integration among Turkish-origin adolescents in Germany.…”

Section: Intergroup Contactmentioning

confidence: 96%

Growing up with diversity: Psychological perspectives

Leman

Cameron

2017

Community & Applied Soc Psy

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Societies progress and, as they do so, people increasingly encounter new and different types of social groups. Young people can benefit from the opportunities this brings but must also face the challenges that arise from grappling with growing and new forms of diversity. Young people's experiences of this diversity, the context in which they are socialised, and their reactions to it, have important implications for future generations. These implications and the questions they present go to the heart of social, developmental, community, and applied psychology. Indeed, understanding how children and adolescents negotiate shifting patterns of diversity to become productive, competent, and moral social actors is a key challenge for those concerned with equality, opportunity, education, social justice, and inclusion.This special issue brings together interdisciplinary perspectives from social, developmental, and applied psychological research that examines how diversity shapes our social psychology and how we respond to it. The papers focus on understanding the experiences of children and adolescents and outlining the causes and consequences of these experiences for social development. Together, they address key theories and themes within applied, social, and developmental psychology. This special issue offers a state-of-the-art collection of work in an important and emerging field of study in the social sciences, identifying existing knowledge and suggesting a road-map for future work where psychology can frame, inform, and address issues of growing societal and moral importance. | A SOCIAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY OF DIVERSITYDifference, in its social and interpersonal forms, has long been a topic of interest for social psychology. However, our lives, our children's lives and those of future generations are increasingly marked by diversity (for a discussion of essentialism, intersectionality, and terminology here, see Brah, 1991). Demography suggests we are entering an age of increased societal diversity. For instance, in the UK, by 2056, racial and ethnic minorities are predicted to form one third of the total population (Coleman, 2010). Across Europe, recent years have seen a steady rise in the number of immigrants, and children and adolescents born to immigrant parents (OECD/European Union, 2015, see Martiny, Froehlich, Deaux & Mok 2017). And diversity extends across social categories to include ethnicity and race, religion, gender, disability, and many other areas. In order to anticipate the changes and consequences of these shifts in societal dynamics and constitution, psychology needs to understand young people's experience of diversity, how they are shaped by it and respond to it.Research in social and developmental psychology has articulated how understanding membership of our own and others' groups is an important social skill and an important psychological process. Intergroup contact research has demonstrated the impact of diversity on adults' and children's attitudes, emotions, and behaviours (e.g., P...

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“…Consistent with this argument, cross‐sectional nonnetwork studies focusing on the role of the share of native friends for immigrants’ national identification have established a positive relationship between the two. This association has been found both for adults and adolescents in different countries such as Belgium (Agirdag et al., ), the Netherlands (De Vroome et al., ; De Vroome, Coenders, van Tubergen, & Verkuyten, ), Germany (Martiny, Froehlich, Deaux, & Mok, ; Schulz & Leszczensky, ), France (Sabatier, ), and Spain (Lubbers, Molina, & McCarty, ). However, due to their cross‐sectional nature, these studies do not allow for strong conclusions regarding the direction of causality; that is, they do not tell us whether native friends actually affected immigrants’ national identification or whether immigrants with strong national identification were more likely to befriend natives in the first place or whether both processes operate simultaneously.…”

Section: (How) Do Friends Influence Identification?mentioning

confidence: 88%

The Interplay of Group Identifications and Friendships: Evidence from Longitudinal Social Network Studies

Leszczensky

Jugert

Pink

2019

Journal of Social Issues

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This article reviews empirical evidence on the reciprocal relation of ethnic minority group members' national, ethnic, and dual identification on the one hand and their friendships with both minority and majority group members on the other. Emphasis is given to studies that apply longitudinal social network analysis in order to draw inferences about how these group identifications shape social relations and/or how social relations in turn shape individuals' group identifications. After outlining theoretical mechanisms and showing the advantages of a social network approach, the article summarizes findings on how ethnic, national, and dual identification affect individual preferences for having same ethnic or interethnic friends. Evidence on how friends in turn influence group identifications is also reviewed. The article closes by discussing practical implications of the existing evidence and by pointing to open questions and next steps for further research on the nexus of group identifications and friendship.Western societies are populated by people of different cultural, ethnic, and racial origins. In diverse societies, people have multiple sources of group identification-especially ethnic minority group members, such as immigrants or

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Defining ethnic, national, and dual identities: Structure, antecedents, and consequences of multiple social identities of Turkish‐origin high school students in Germany

Cited by 24 publications

References 32 publications

Identity threat and identity multiplicity among minority youth: Longitudinal relations of perceived discrimination with ethnic, religious, and national identification in Germany

Identity threat and identity multiplicity among minority youth: Longitudinal relations of perceived discrimination with ethnic, religious, and national identification in Germany

Growing up with diversity: Psychological perspectives

The Interplay of Group Identifications and Friendships: Evidence from Longitudinal Social Network Studies

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