Defining Digital Literacy in the Age of Computational Propaganda and Hate Spin Politics

Salma, Aqida Nuril

doi:10.18502/kss.v3i20.4945

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…It has been proven by numerous studies (Bulger, Davison, 2018: 5;Fake news ..., 2018;Friesem, 2019;Gallagher, Magid, 2017;Mason et al, 2018: 1;Müller, Denner, 2019: 5;Give ..., 2019;Haigth et al, 2019;Horbatuck, Sears, 2018;Ireton, Posetti, 2019;McDougall, 2019;Kačinová, 2018;Petranová et al, 2017;Pradekso et al, 2018;Salma, 2019;Silverman, 2015;Šupšáková, 2016) that initiatives to increase media literacy, including educational programs involving journalists, reduce the vulnerability of the audience to media manipulation and misinformation. The development of critical thinking and analytical skills is a key component of successful educational activities.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…One way or another, but it is precisely the problem of media manipulation that has become acute in recent years that has again drawn attention to media education. Media literacy has increasingly become associated with the fight against fake news, and various stakeholders -from educators to lawmakers and media agencies -have contributed to the creation of new resources and media education programs (Bulger, Davison, 2018: 5;Fake news ..., 2018;European Commission, 2018a;2018b;Friesem, 2019;Gallagher, Magid, 2017;Give ..., 2019;Mason et al, 2018: 1;Müller, Denner, 2019: 5;Haigth et al, 2019;Hobbs, McGee, 2014;Horbatuck , Sears, 2018;Ireton, Posetti, 2019;McDougall, 2019;Pradekso et al, 2018;Salma, 2019;Silverman, 2015). J. Suiter (Suiter, 2016) associates these new trends with the following reasons: -the synthesis of such often diverse and contradictory phenomena as globalization, the economic crisis, local armed conflicts, the fight against terrorism; -the emergence of a new media system, dominated by entertainment shows, social interactive networks and information filters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Manipulative Media Texts: World Media Literacy Education Experience

Levitskaya¹,

Fedorov²

2020

Media Education (Mediaobrazovanie)

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The 21st century brought a kind of media explosion: every day more and more people of different ages are becoming involved in interactive multimedia processes (which have been radically influenced by the development of satellite television, the Internet, mobile telephony and smart phones), access to information has become almost unlimited, moreover, in many more formats. As never before, the audience began to spend a significant amount of time on access to new multimedia opportunities, on creation, consumption and distribution of media texts of various types and genres, on interaction in a variety of media environments. Against this background, it becomes clear to a much larger number of people and organizations that media illiteracy can lead to very real negative political and social consequences. Of course, false news and other misinformation have been around before, but it is now that media manipulations have acquired a truly global scale. That is why audiences of any age need media competency. Numerous studies prove that media education can give positive results in terms of knowledge, skills and attitudes in terms of analysis and critical reflection of media and misinformation. At the same time, one should not forget that misinformation originators, groups conducting political campaigns using data from social networks, extremists and agents of the "troll factories" have a high level of media competence. Therefore, citizen's media competencies alone are not enough: in order to resist media manipulation at a democratic state level, it is also necessary to develop the activities of media agencies of various levels and state structures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Manipulative Media Texts: World Media Literacy Education Experience

Levitskaya¹,

Fedorov²

2020

Media Education (Mediaobrazovanie)

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“…Hal ini semata-mata guna menarik khalayak guna meningkatkan klik atau view dan pada akhirnya meningkatkan pendapatan. Misalnya, konten-konten prank yang tempo hari sempat marak di media sosial (Putra & Azanella, 2020). Konten tersebut mempengaruhi penonton untuk melakukan hal yang sama dan mengakibatkan banyak korbankorban tidak bersalah berjatuhan.…”

Section: Hasil Dan Pembahasanunclassified

Literasi media, chilling effect, dan partisipasi politik remaja

Limilia

Fuady

2021

j.kajian.kom

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Peningkatan pengguna Internet di Indonesia menjadi petanda baik bahwa akses masyarakat ke Internet semakin baik. Akan tetapi, peningkatan tersebut juga menimbulkan kekhawatiran terkait kesiapan masyarakat dalam berinteraksi di media sosial. Saat ini, media sosial tidak lagi menjadi ruang publik yang netral karena adannya penyalahgunaan oleh kelompok tertentu dengan menyebarkan berita palsu, propaganda, hate spin, dan lain-lain. Situasi ini diperparah dengan tingkat literasi media masyarakat yang rendah. Pemerintah mengeluarkan Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (UU ITE) guna mengatur kegaduhan di media sosial. Namun, tindakan ini menuai banyak kritikan dari berbagai kalangan. Salah satunya terkait efek samping (berupa chilling effect) dari UU ITE yang dapat mengancam kebebasan berpendapat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh literasi media pada partisipasi politik di media sosial serta mengetahui apakah pengetahuan terkait UU ITE memoderasi pengaruh tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan teknik sampling purposive. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner yang kemudian dianalis menggunakan analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki tingkat literasi media yang tinggi terutama pada kategori functional consumption, critical consumption, functional prosumer. Tidak ada perbedaan tingkat literasi media antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Peningkatan keterampilan literasi media tersebut akan diikuti oleh peningkatan partisipasi politik. Akan tetapi, pengetahuan terkait UU ITE tidak berkontribusi pada pengaruh tersebut. Selain itu, penelitian juga menemukan bahwa keterampilan critical consuming dan critical prosumer memiliki hubungan positif yang signifikan dengan partisipasi politik di media sosial.

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“…In Indonesia, studies about this issue mainly focus on the nexus of fake news and persecution (Azali, 2017); the impact of hoax in Indonesian politics (Utami, 2018); how social media, including disinformation, influence social cohesion (Lim, 2017;Suradi, 2018). Several articles also approach hoaxes from the perspective of digital literacy (Yanti and Yusnaini, 2018;Salma, 2019), and from a juridical point of view (Setiawan, 2019;Nugroho, 2019).…”

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confidence: 99%

Online Hoaxes, Existential Threat, and Internet Shutdown: A Case Study of Securitization Dynamics in Indonesia

Lee¹

2020

J. Indones. Soc. Sci. and Humanit.

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As one of the countries in the world with the highest growth of internet users, Indonesia is experiencing a rapid growth in social media usage. Some use social media for networking but some others use it to spread hoaxes, fake information, or disinformation. During presidential election in Indonesia in the period from 2017 to 2019, hoaxes and disinformation were widely circulated through social media and instant messaging. This phenomenon has triggered heated public debates on the nexus between digital spaces and security, which include how the online disinformation has threatened Indonesian security. For example, hoaxes were represented in the public sphere as an existential threat to Indonesian unity. Immediate question regarding this phenomenon is:why are online hoaxes and fake information represented in public spheres as a security threat? This paper argues that as a response toward the increase of online hoaxes, there were securitizing moves made by political elites and special agencies in Indonesia before and in the aftermath of the 2019 Indonesian presidential election. Employing discourse analysis of selected relevant news articles around the period of 2017-2019, this paper analyses the dynamic of the securitization of online hoaxes in Indonesia. Grounded within Securitization Theory, this paper analyses; the facilitating condition; the triumvirates of securitizations, which are the securitizing actors, the threats posed by hoaxes, and the audiences; as well as extraordinary measures executed to handle the threats; internet throttling and internet shutdown when necessary.

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Defining Digital Literacy in the Age of Computational Propaganda and Hate Spin Politics

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

Analysis of Manipulative Media Texts: World Media Literacy Education Experience

Analysis of Manipulative Media Texts: World Media Literacy Education Experience

Literasi media, chilling effect, dan partisipasi politik remaja

Online Hoaxes, Existential Threat, and Internet Shutdown: A Case Study of Securitization Dynamics in Indonesia

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