Defining Dental Age for Chronological Age Determination

Abstract

Dental age assessment is one of the most reliable methods of chronological age estimation used for criminal, forensic and anthropologic purposes. Visual, radiographic, chemical and histological techniques can be used for dental age estimation. Visual method is based on the sequence of eruption of the teeth and morphological changes that are caused due to function such as attrition, changes in color that are indicators of aging. Radiographs of the dentition can be used to determine the stage of dental development of the teeth from initial mineralization of a tooth, crown formation to root apex maturation. Histological methods require the preparation of the tissues for detailed microscopic examination. The chemical analysis of dental hard tissues determines alterations in ion levels with age, whereas the histological and chemical methods are invasive methods requiring extraction/sectioning of the tooth. In this chapter, the different techniques and considered studies were overviewed in conjunction with their advantages and disadvantages. It needs to be taken into consideration that rather than restricting on one age estimation technique, using the other available techniques additionally and performing repetitive measurements may be beneficial for accurate age estimation.

Applications of contemporary artificial intelligence technology in forensic odontology as primary forensic identifier: A scoping review

“…Tooth eruption structures can be a valuable source of information for determining the victim's chronological age (Uzuner et al, 2017 ). The development of dentition is more closely related to chronological age.…”

“…The development of dentition is more closely related to chronological age. Human dentition has four distinct developmental periods (Uzuner et al, 2017 ); the emergence of deciduous teeth in the second year of life, the eruption of two permanent incisors and the first permanent molar between the ages of 6 and 8 years, and the emergence of other remaining permanent dentitions except for the third molars between 10 and 12 years, and the eruption of the third molars around 18 years of age. However, they may remain impacted (Holobinko, 2012 ).…”

Age Estimation by Different Techniques of Dentin Translucency: A Literature Overview

“…Physical or somatic changes, secondary sexual features, radiological examination of primary or permanent teeth eruption sequence, ossification centers are various significant approaches of age estimation. There is progressively strong evidence that dentine transparency is directly proportional to the increase in age and hence serves as a consistent tool to aid the determination of age estimation in both living and the deceased [23] . Many studies have used custom-made software American Board of Forensic Odontology No.…”

Study on the Effect of Socioeconomic Status of the Family on the Primary Dentition of Neonates in the Ganjam District, Odisha

“…The primary dentition is composed of 20 teeth having 10 teeth in each arch while the permanent teeth are 32 in numbers with 16 in each arch. The commencement of human primary dentition occurs at the age of fifth week of the developing fetus [1] . The usual eruption of primary teeth in the neonates occurs at the age of 6 month to 12 months.…”