Defining cerebral leukocyte populations in local ischemic blood samples from patients with hyperacute stroke

Abstract

In acute stroke, neuroinflammation can nowadays be analyzed by local cerebral aspiration of pial-ischemic blood during mechanical thrombectomy. Recently, Shaw et al. reported on differences in leukocyte subpopulations within the occluded cerebrovascular compartment. In their study, a main proportion of granulocytes was lost during isolation. By immediate analysis, we found a reproducible increase in absolute local granulocytes without variations in absolute lymphocyte and monocyte numbers. Flow-cytometric phenotyping confirmed a high proportion of granulocytes and a local shift towards CD4+ T cells. Thus, immediate analysis appears to be critical to observe distinct local responses of leukocytes to acute ischemic stroke.

An intravascular perspective on hyper-acute neutrophil, T-cell and platelet responses: Similarities between human and experimental stroke

“… 12 , 20 Flow cytometric automated detection and counting of leukocyte (sub-)populations again corroborated a strong predominance of neutrophils, and, in addition, disclosed a local shift in the relative distribution of lymphocytes towards CD4+ T-cells. 21 , 22 However, absolute lymphocyte numbers did not differ between local ischemic target and systemic control samples. Taken together these data indicated that LVO elicits a robust intravascular inflammatory response within the ischemic penumbra.…”

“…While the relative proportion of CD4+ T-cells increased, the number of B-cells decreased. 21 , 22 Interestingly, immuno-deficient mice that lack any lymphocyte population are protected from progressive infarction under occlusion in the mouse pMCAO model 13 and also from I/R injury after recanalization 55 , 56 in the tMCAO model. This protection could be reversed in both models by adoptive transfer, particularly, of CD4+ T-cells among others.…”

Association of serum uric acid to lymphocyte ratio, a novel inflammatory biomarker, with risk of stroke: A prospective cohort study

“…The immune‐biomarkers of stroke have drawn a lot of attention recently, such as lymphocyte, 30 neutrophil, 31 leukocyte, 32 monocytes, 33 T cell, 34 and et al Current literature on ULR is limited and restricted in patients after surgery. ULR was first proposed in the study of Wei et al, a retrospective study conducted in consecutive patients with rheumatic heart disease undergoing valve replacement surgery.…”

Predictive Values of White Blood Cell Count in Peripheral Blood at Admission on In-Hospital Complications and 90-Day Outcomes of Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Insights from the LongTEAM Registry

“…12,13 However, in the following decades, reports on WBC came more frequently from patients with ischemic stroke. [14][15][16][17][18] One meta-analysis in 2021 indicated although confirms the association between WBC and unfavorable outcomes in aSAH patients, a strong conclusion cannot be made due to the limitation of the small study number, between-study heterogeneity, and suspicion of uncontrolled factors. 19 Therefore, whether WBC at admission can be regarded as a prognostic marker needs more investigation.…”