Defining and simulating open-ended novelty: requirements, guidelines, and challenges

Banzhaf, Wolfgang; Baumgaertner, Bert; Beslon, Guillaume; Doursat, René; Foster, James A.; McMullin, Barry; Melo, Vinícius Veloso de; Miconi, Thomas; Spector, Lee; Stepney, Susan; White, Roger

doi:10.1007/s12064-016-0229-7

Cited by 78 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…A saving grace for computational systems, according to Beslon, was that this limitation could be overcome by tricks such as suitable fitness landscapes (although whether they were openended would still be an open question). A version of Beslonʼs argument can also be found in the forthcoming paper mentioned by Banzhaf [3].…”

Section: Summary Of Short Presentationsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…He concluded with some comments on the competing roles of exponential growth and competition due to resource constraints in natural selection, and the analogous situation in hierarchical systems whereby climbing the levels of complexity introduces exponentially more possibilities, but exploration of these possibilities is restricted by resource constraints on the number of individuals that can populate higher levels. Banzhafʼs talk was based upon a forthcoming paper [3].…”

Section: Summary Of Short Presentationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, a follow-up workshop (OEE2) will take place at the ALIFE XV conference in Cancún, Mexico in July 2016. 3 The Cancún workshop will be followed by a special issue on open-ended evolution in the Artificial Life journal, including a comprehensive review paper on work on OEE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Open-Ended Evolution: Perspectives from the OEE Workshop in York

Taylor¹,

Bedau²,

Channon³

et al. 2016

Artificial Life

Self Cite

103

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We describe the content and outcomes of the First Workshop on Open-Ended Evolution: Recent Progress and Future Milestones (OEE1), held during the ECAL 2015 conference at the University of York, UK, in July 2015. We briefly summarize the content of the workshopʼs talks, and identify the main themes that emerged from the open discussions. Two important conclusions from the discussions are: (1) the idea of pluralism about OEE-it seems clear that there is more than one interesting and important kind of OEE; and (2) the importance of distinguishing observable behavioral hallmarks of systems undergoing OEE from hypothesized underlying mechanisms that explain why a system exhibits those hallmarks. We summarize the different hallmarks and mechanisms discussed during the workshop, and list the specific systems that were highlighted with respect to particular hallmarks and mechanisms. We conclude by identifying some of the most important open research questions about OEE that are apparent in light of the discussions. The York workshop provides a foundation for a follow-up OEE2 workshop taking place at the ALIFE XV conference in Cancún, Mexico, in July 2016. Additional materials from the York workshop, including talk abstracts, presentation slides, and videos of each talk, are available at http://alife.org/ws/oee1.

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Section: Summary Of Short Presentationsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Summary Of Short Presentationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Open-Ended Evolution: Perspectives from the OEE Workshop in York

Taylor¹,

Bedau²,

Channon³

et al. 2016

Artificial Life

Self Cite

103

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show abstract

“…The possible game state space is not self-defined because it depends on several unaccounted factors such as technology that is implemented, creativity, and even the economy. In this sense, the game as a whole (players, platform and Riot Games) is open-ended, since its evolution will never repeat [10][11][12].…”

Section: League Of Legends As a Model Of Open-ended Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-world open-ended evolution: A league of legends adventure

Adams

Walker

2018

Int. J. DNE

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A prominent feature of life on Earth is the evolution of biological complexity: over evolutionary history the biosphere has displayed continual adaptation and innovation, giving rise to an apparent open-ended increase in complexity.The capacity for open-ended evolution has been cited as a hallmark feature of life and also characterizes human and technological systems. Yet, the underlying drivers of open-ended evolution remain poorly understood. League of Legends (League) is an online team-based strategy game that has become immensely popular over the last 6 years. Because new characters (called 'champions') are regularly added and the game is updated every few weeks by the game's developer Riot Games, the game never settles into an equilibrium distribution of player strategies. Innovative strategies are required for players to succeed, just as innovation is required to outcompete other organisms in open-ended biological systems. Although understanding open-endedness is crucial to understanding how living systems operate, it is often difficult or impossible to collect sufficient data to study the mechanisms driving open-ended evolution in natural systems. Online social systems, particularly games, offer ideal laboratories for studying open-ended evolutionary dynamics because of the rich data archived on statistics of users and their interactions. We focus on using data from North America's top 200 players to determine how dominance hierarchies emerge from player strategies and how they evolve in time after an external perturbation. This is a microcosm for studying, in detail, how external and internal mechanisms can drive a real-world open-ended system. Our goal is to provide general insights that can be applied to a wide range of fields, including astrobiology and evolutionary systems.

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“…The difference of rewriting system in L-systems and Chomsky grammars 30,31 lies in the method of applying productions. In Chomsky grammars, productions are applied sequentially, whereas in L-systems, they are applied in parallel and simultaneously by replacing all letters in a given word.…”

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confidence: 99%

Modeling the fractal development of modular robots

Bie

Liu

Zhao

et al. 2017

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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Modeling and controlling self-reconfiguration of modular robots is still a challenging problem in the field of distributed control. The two main constrains are the design of target shapes and the absence of global state for decentralized modules. We present a new way for those two problems inspired from the developmental process of plant growth. As a mathematical theory of plant development, L-systems capture the essence of growth process. We extend L-systems to the self-reconfiguration process of modules robots. Target configurations will be described in a string of symbols, and robotic structures capture fractal characters through the rewriting function. Extended graphical interpretation of Lsystem symbols can generate module-level predictions about robotic global states. Simulations of different selfreconfiguration processes illustrate the proposed method.

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Defining and simulating open-ended novelty: requirements, guidelines, and challenges

Cited by 78 publications

References 89 publications

Open-Ended Evolution: Perspectives from the OEE Workshop in York

Open-Ended Evolution: Perspectives from the OEE Workshop in York

Real-world open-ended evolution: A league of legends adventure

Modeling the fractal development of modular robots

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