Deficient lower‐segment Cesarean section scars: prevalence and risk factors

Abstract

Objective To examine the sonographic features of transverse lower-segment uterine Cesarean section scars in non-pregnant, premenopausal 95% CI,

Cesarean section scar defects: agreement between transvaginal sonographic findings with and without saline contrast enhancement

“…Monteagudo et al 13 stated that evaluation of Cesarean section scar defects was not possible without SCSH, whereas Ofili-Yebovi et al 11 considered SCSH to be associated with risks and therefore of limited value for evaluating Cesarean section scars. However, complications (vasovagal reaction, severe pain, infection) of SCSH when using a non-balloon catheter are rare 14,15 .…”

“…Cesarean section scar defects can be detected at transvaginal unenhanced ultrasound examination and seem to be common 11,12 . However, using unenhanced ultrasound imaging it is not always easy to determine the number 11 and size 13 of scar defects or the thickness of the remaining myometrium over the defect 12 . Saline contrast sonohysterography (SCSH, also called hydrosonography or hysterosonography) has been shown to be useful for assessing the uterine cavity, in particular for detecting and evaluating intrauterine focal lesions 14 -16 .…”

Structural and Anatomic Characteristics of the Uterus at 7-10 and 30-40 Days After Cesarean Section

“…Dicle et al (1997) found that caesarean scar healed after more than six weeks using magnetic resonance imaging. Ofili-Yebovi et al (2008) were performed ultrasound on 324 women at 3 months after their cesarean section and found that 63 women have a cesarean scar defect, which is more prevalent in repeated cesarean or those suffered from uterus retroversion.…”

When and how should we treat cesarean scar defect — isthmocoele?

“…When the scar thickness is less than 50% of surrounding myometrium, this risk increases to 5%. Thus ultrasonographic evaluation of scar thickness should not be used as prognostic marker of uterus rupture [12,13]. Downes and coworkers retrospectively analyzed 27 000 of pregnancies of which 82% (n = 22142) of patients delivered, 14.6% (n = 3931) had caesarean section done during the second stage of labor and 3.4% of patients underwent elective caesarean section.…”