Defensive pride and consensus: strength in imaginary numbers.

McGregor, Ian; Nail, Paul R.; Marigold, Denise C.; Kang, So-Jin

doi:10.1037/0022-3514.89.6.978

Cited by 110 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 121 publications

(210 reference statements)

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“…Similar results were also found by McGregor and colleagues where participants reacted to a personal goal confl ict (e.g. thinking of a complex yet unresolved personal dilemma) with an exaggerated perception of social consensus for group-related worldviews, in-group bias, and worldview defence (McGregor, Nail, Marigold, & Kang, 2005 ;McGregor et al, 2001 ). Attachment threats also caused worldview defence among those high in attachment-related anxiety (Hart, Shaver, & Goldenberg, 2005 ) and made participants more susceptible to social infl uence, as conformity with the opinion of others might enhance their chances to be (re-)admitted into a group (Carter-Sowell, Chen, & Williams, 2008 ).…”

Section: Favouritism Of In-groups Over Out-groups As Approach-orientesupporting

confidence: 77%

Between the Lines of Us and Them: Identity Threat, Anxious Uncertainty, and Reactive In-Group Affirmation: How Can Antisocial Outcomes be Prevented?

Lueders

Jonas

Fritsche

et al. 2016

Peace Psychology Book Series

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Currently more than 60 million people have been driven from their home countries by war and persecution to seek peace and protection elsewhere (UNHCR, 2015 ). Those who survive the often arduous fl ight through deserts and overseas on their way to safety usually fi nd themselves confronted with not only uncertainty about their future, but also mistrust and rejection by local citizens. As a consequence, many withdraw into fringe groups of people who share the same fate. On the other side, citizens in wealthier countries see themselves confronted with rapid and unpredictable changes in their environment and many of them fear they will forfeit their wealth, safety, and traditions by the infl ux of incoming refugees. The growing popularity of radical rightwing parties and movements in many European countries provides painful evidence that a state of such heightened anxiety and uncertainty creates a perfect breeding ground for ethnocentric thinking and antisocial behaviour . However, at the same time, many people feel the urge to donate money and clothes to refugees, and volunteer to help them cope with language and administrative barriers.This chapter is intended to shed light on how people cope with threats that cause them to question their assumptions about themselves or their familiar environment. We focus on people's need for epistemic equilibrium, self-esteem, belonging, and control as underlying identity motives. According to the anxiety-to-approach model of threat and defence , violations of these needs trigger neural processes sensitive to goal confl ict and potential dangers that catalyse an aversive state of anxious uncertainty . As a consequence, people automatically engage in

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Section: Favouritism Of In-groups Over Out-groups As Approach-orientesupporting

confidence: 77%

Between the Lines of Us and Them: Identity Threat, Anxious Uncertainty, and Reactive In-Group Affirmation: How Can Antisocial Outcomes be Prevented?

Lueders

Jonas

Fritsche

et al. 2016

Peace Psychology Book Series

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“…In contrast, while one study has found that priming of conservative values enhanced a conservative shift to MS threat (Jonas et al, 2008, Study 3), numerous studies have found conservative shifts in the absence of any overt priming-that is, priming apart from the inherent nature of the threat itself (Bonanno & Jost, 2006;EchebarriaEchabe & Fernández-Guede, 2006;Jost et al, 2004;Lambert et al, 2009;Landau et al, 2004;McGregor et al, 2005;Nail et al, in press;Thorisdottir & Jost, 2009;Rosenblatt et al, 1989;Sales, 1972;Sales & Friend, 1973Ullrich & Cohrs, 2007. In this context, the reader will recall from our ''Method'' section that the present data were initially collected for the purposes of testing various theories of racial attitudes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Yet, numerous laboratory experiments have observed conservative shifts that can be attributed to manipulated threats (e.g., Jost et al, 2004;Lambert et al, 2009;Landau et al, 2004;McGregor, Nail, Marigold, & Kang, 2005;Nail et al, in press;Thorisdottir & Jost, 2009;Rosenblatt, Greenberg, Solomon, Pyszczynski, & Lyon, 1989;Sales & Friend, 1973). Thus, considering the weight of the evidence from studies of both (a) real-world, field studies and (b) laboratory experiments employing threat manipulations, it appears that threats do indeed generally cause shifts in a conservative or right-wing direction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Conservative Shift among Liberals and Conservatives Following 9/11/01

2009

Self Cite

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Political orientation and political attitudes were measured in two independent adult samples. One sample was taken several months before the terrorist attacks on 9/11/01; the other, shortly after. Liberal and conservative participants alike reported more conservative attitudes following 9/11/01 than before. This conservative shift was strongest on two items with the greatest relevance to 9/11/01: George W. Bush and Increasing Military Spending. Marginally significant conservative shifts were observed on two other items (Conservatives, Socialized Medicine), and the direction of change on eight of eight items was in a conservative direction. These results provide support for the motivated social cognition model of conservatism (Jost et al., 2003) over predictions derived from terror management theory (e.g., Greenberg et al., 1992).

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“…1 In the following, we provide a brief overview of research on epistemic motivation and argue that adopting clear-cut moral beliefs and convictions, in particular, may come to address such general epistemic motives. Further emphasizing the proposed active nature of ME, we propose that the phenomenon is strongly embedded within interpersonal and intragroup processes, such as consensus-seeking (McGregor, Nail, Marigold, & Kang, 2005;Morris et al, 1976), shared belief systems (Hardin & Higgins, 1996;Kruglanski, Pierro, Mannetti, & DeGrada, 2006), interpersonal self-regulation (Rhodewalt & Peterson, 2008), and religious group affiliation (e.g., Pergament, 2002;Silberman, 2005). We then review some related research on political conservatism suggesting that conservatism should be positively correlated with both MA and ME.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

On the “Exporting” of Morality: Its Relation to Political Conservatism and Epistemic Motivation

et al. 2009

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A new phenomenon, moral exporting (ME), is introduced to capture active attempts to promote certain views of morality to others. It was hypothesized that political conservatives would be more likely to exhibit ME, due in part to strong epistemic concerns for certainty that may become attached to the moral domain. Related items from the 1988 and 2006 General Social Surveys were analyzed, and new scales were developed to better assess ME and specific moral-related epistemic concerns (moral absolutism). In a second study, these scales were administered to a large college student sample along with measures of political ideology and need for closure (NFC). Results generally showed that political conservatism was strongly related to the new ME factor. Further analysis determined that both moral absolutism (MA) and NFC accounted for significant portions of this relationship, but that the specific epistemic construct (MA) was a more proximal mediator. Discussion centers on further distinguishing ME and MA from related constructs, as well as on future research and applications.

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Defensive pride and consensus: strength in imaginary numbers.

Cited by 110 publications

References 121 publications

Between the Lines of Us and Them: Identity Threat, Anxious Uncertainty, and Reactive In-Group Affirmation: How Can Antisocial Outcomes be Prevented?

Between the Lines of Us and Them: Identity Threat, Anxious Uncertainty, and Reactive In-Group Affirmation: How Can Antisocial Outcomes be Prevented?

Conservative Shift among Liberals and Conservatives Following 9/11/01

On the “Exporting” of Morality: Its Relation to Political Conservatism and Epistemic Motivation

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