Defensive chemicals of neighboring plants limit visits of herbivorous insects: Associational resistance within a plant population

Ida, Takashi; Takanashi, Kojiro; Tamura, Momoka; Ozawa, Rika; Nakashima, Yoshitaka; Ohgushi, Takayuki

doi:10.1002/ece3.4750

Cited by 12 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…In the four‐ and nine‐plant plots in this study, the repellent effects of nicotine on herbivores were reinforced by the aggregation of high‐nicotine plants (i.e. high density and/or plant‐spacing; Figure ), which is consistent with previous studies (Finch & Collier, ; Ida et al, ). There is another possibility that reduced herbivore visits due to aggregation of high‐nicotine plants were driven by closer distance between the plants if herbivore selection is based on relatively small area.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In fact, Augner (1994) theoretically argued that both defended and undefended plants may coexist if undefended plants can reduce the risk of herbivory by associating with defended plants. Furthermore, in our experimental study (Ida et al, 2018), an intraspecific neighbourhood effect caused by nicotine of Nicotiana tabacum plants could increase the level of defence against herbivores at the patch level. In fact, both highly and lowly defended plants that are associated with highly defended ones receive protection from herbivory through patch avoidance of grasshoppers (Ida et al, 2018).…”

Section: Variation In Defensive Traits Among Plants and How Herbivoresmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…This discrepancy may be caused by patch‐leaving decision of herbivores. Long‐distance movement by herbivores such as grasshoppers just after finding non‐palatable plants could cause neighbouring plants to repel herbivores, thereby reducing the likelihood of damage to neighbourhoods in the patch (Hambäck et al, ; Ida et al, ). However, increasing number of plants within a plot (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…associational effect; Underwood et al, 2014), there has been less attention to conspecific neighbours (Agrawal, Lau, & Hambäck, 2006;Andow, 1991;Barbosa et al, 2009). In this context, more recent studies have argued that intraspecific variations in biological environments caused by local spatial distribution of plants and their phenotypic and/or genotypic variations can also induce neighbourhood effects (Coverdale, Goheen, Palmer, & Pringle, 2018;Ida et al, 2018;Koricheva & Hayes, 2018;Sato & Kudoh, 2015). For instance, plant genotypic diversity could influence visits of arthropods, including herbivores and predators, to host plants and alter associated arthropod communities (Crutsinger et al, 2006;Wetzel, Aflitto, & Thaler, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…VOCs and alkaloids) are effective only within a relatively short distance (e.g. Ida et al, 2018;Karban, Shiojiri, Huntzinger, & McCall, 2006). Therefore, neighbourhood effects on individual plants may vary within a population depending on the spatial arrangement of phenotypes, causing spatial variation in intraspecific neighbourhood effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intraspecific neighbourhood effect: Population‐level consequence of aggregation of highly defended plants

2020

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There is increasing evidence that herbivore–plant interactions on a focal plant species are influenced by interspecific neighbourhood effects via neighbouring plants (i.e. an associational effect). However, intraspecific neighborhood effects imposed by plant traits have been less appreciated. Specifically, the significance of intraspecific neighbourhood effects in population‐level consequences of plants has been totally overlooked. Using two varieties of Nicotiana tabacum (high‐ and low‐nicotine), we evaluated the neighbourhood effects based on patch‐level interactions in a split‐plot 3 × 3 factorial experiment that manipulated number of plants (4, 9 and 16 plants) and culture type (monoculture plots with high‐ and low‐nicotine plants, and polyculture plot) in an experimental garden. We found that herbivore visits on plants varied depending on the number of plants per patch and culture type. Presence of more high‐nicotine plants decreased herbivore visits in the four plant plots, and presence of high‐nicotine plants in the nine plant plots decreased herbivore visits on both high‐ and low‐nicotine plants. In contrast, in the 16 plant plots, herbivore visits on high‐nicotine plants in polyculture plots were lower than others, including those on high‐nicotine plants in monoculture plots. Our findings clearly demonstrated that the intraspecific neighbourhood effect could occur depending on the aggregation of highly defended plants (i.e. high density and/or plant‐spacing). This study suggests that multiple mechanisms for the neighbourhood effect simultaneously worked, depending on the patch size and composition of defensive traits of individual plants, and that intraspecific neighbourhood effects may influence population‐level consequences for plant–herbivore interaction. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Variation In Defensive Traits Among Plants and How Herbivoresmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intraspecific neighbourhood effect: Population‐level consequence of aggregation of highly defended plants

2020

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Plant volatiles and priority effects interactively determined initial community assembly of arthropods on multiple willow species

Yoneya

Miki

Katayama

2023

Ecology and Evolution

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Plant traits, which are often species specific, can serve as environmental filtering for community assembly on plants. At the same time, the species identity of the initially colonizing arthropods would vary between plant individuals, which would subsequently influence colonizing arthropods and community development in the later stages. However, it remains unclear whether interindividual divergence due to priority effects is equally important as plant trait-specific environmental filtering in the initial stages. In this study, we propose that plant volatile organic compounds (PVOCs) may play a crucial role as an environmental filter in the initial stages of community assembly, which can prevent the community assembly process from being purely stochastic. To test this hypothesis, we conducted short term but highly frequent monitoring (19 observations over 9 days) of arthropod community assembly on intact individuals of six willow species in a common garden. PVOC compositions were analyzed before starting the experiment and compared with arthropod compositions occurring on Days 1-2 of the experiment (earliest colonizer community) and those occurring on Days 8-9 of the experiment (subsequent colonizer community). Unintentionally, deer herbivory also occurred at night of Day 2. Distance-based statistics demonstrated that PVOC compositions were plant species specific, but neither the earliest colonizer nor the subsequent colonizer community composition could be explained by plant species identity. Rather, Procrustes analysis showed that both the PVOC composition and that of the earliest colonizer community can be used to explain the subsequent colonizer community. In addition, the linkage between PVOCs and the subsequent colonizer community was stronger on individuals with deer herbivory. These findings indicate that PVOCs have widespread effects on initial community assembly, as well as priority effects brought on by stochastic immigration, and that plant species identity only has weak and indirect effects on the actual composition of the community.

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Induced resistance mitigates the effect of plant neighbors on susceptibility to herbivores

Holmes

Agrawal

2021

Ecosphere

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At small spatial scales, attraction or deterrence of herbivores by plant neighbors can alter the susceptibility of plants to damage (i.e., associational effects). Given the patchy nature of plants and insect herbivory, we hypothesized that induced resistance may play an important role in mitigating such spatial variability. To test this notion, we first documented neighbor effects between two closely related and co-occurring plant species in natural populations, and second, we measured how these effects changed after inducing plant resistance in a common garden. In wet fields and marshes of Northeastern North America, boneset (Eupatorium perfoliatum) is the primary host for the herbivorous beetle Ophraella notata. Across two years of surveys at multiple sites, we found that Joe Pye weed (Eutrochium maculatum) was a secondary host to O. notata and was more likely to receive beetle eggs when it grew near boneset, constituting a negative neighbor effect (associational susceptibility) for Joe Pye weed. Reciprocally, there were trends of reduced susceptibility for boneset when it grew near Joe Pye weed (a positive neighbor effect), but this pattern was less consistent over space and time. In the common garden, we manipulated patches, each with a center (focal) and surrounding (neighbor) plants, with focal plants of each species either induced by the plant hormone jasmonic acid or left as controls. While neighbor effects prior to induction mirrored the pattern in surveys, induction was most effective in reducing beetle oviposition on focal plants in heterospecific groups. This effectively eliminated negative neighbor effects (susceptibility) for Joe Pye weed, the less preferred plant species. However, in conspecific patches, induction had minimal effect on either species' susceptibility to beetles. Given the importance of spatial variation generally and the ubiquity of neighbor effects in plant communities, we suggest that inducible resistance may be an important mechanism to cope with spatial heterogeneity in susceptibility to herbivores.

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Defensive chemicals of neighboring plants limit visits of herbivorous insects: Associational resistance within a plant population

Cited by 12 publications

References 59 publications

Intraspecific neighbourhood effect: Population‐level consequence of aggregation of highly defended plants

Intraspecific neighbourhood effect: Population‐level consequence of aggregation of highly defended plants

Plant volatiles and priority effects interactively determined initial community assembly of arthropods on multiple willow species

Induced resistance mitigates the effect of plant neighbors on susceptibility to herbivores

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