Defense response mechanisms of ginseng callus cultures induced by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, a human pathogen

Structure and expression profiling of a novel calcium-dependent protein kinase gene PgCDPK1a in roots, leaves, and cell cultures of Panax ginseng

“…In this study, a correlation between the degree of gene silencing and the degree of induction of defense-related genes was observed: the more severely suppressed lines exhibited higher expression of defense genes (Lee et al 2003). Similar correlations were observed also in our case where PgCDPK1a mRNA levels were negatively correlated with the expression of defense-related genes (PAL, beta-1,3-glucanase) in 2c2, 2cR2 cell cultures and the presence of somatic embryos in 2c3 cell culture Gorpenchenko et al 2006;Persiyanova et al 2008). Although CDPK genes involved in plant defense against biotic and abiotic stresses are generally recognized as inducible genes (Ludwig et al 2004), there are several examples of CDPK genes whose inhibition is associated with activated defense reactions.…”

“…Based on previously obtained results (Kiselev et al , 2010Persiyanova et al 2008), we divided the P. ginseng cell cultures into several groups as follows:…”

“…PgCDPK1a shares high sequence identity at the amino acidic level with previously reported CDPK sequences for other plant species. By real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we analyzed PgCDPK1a expression in the leaves, roots, and plant cell cultures of P. ginseng with different levels of ginsenoside production, expression of pathogen-related genes, and resistance to salt stress (Kiselev et al , 2010Persiyanova et al 2008), thus, acquiring information on the full-length cDNA sequence of the first P. ginseng CDPK gene: PgCDPK1a. Possibly, this information will be useful for ginseng breeding, the regulation of stress tolerance, and ginsenosides content in P. ginseng cells.…”

Recent Advances in the Understanding of Agrobacterium rhizogenes-Derived Genes and Their Effects on Stress Resistance and Plant Metabolism

“…A recent investigation demonstrated that rolC-transformed strawberry plants possessed increased tolerance to infection by Phytophthora cactorum [39]. An interesting observation was reported about the interaction of Panax ginseng calli with the human pathogen Yersinia pseudotuberculosis [50], in which the cocultivation of Y. pseudotuberculosis and control (vector-transformed) ginseng calli resulted in the rapid death of both bacterial and plant cells, resembling the HRsyndrome known from plant-microbe interactions. Y. pseudotuberculosis caused the death of control ginseng cells but not rolC-transformed cells.…”

A new method for analyzing gene expression based on frequency analysis of RT-PCR products obtained with degenerate primers

“…The applicability and peculiarities of FAPP were often questioned in the papers dealing with this method Persiyanova et al 2008;Inyushkina et al 2009;Kiselev et al 2009a, b, c, d;Kiselev and Tchernoded 2009;Dubrovina et al 2009). Therefore, we provide a detailed description of FAPP as it was used in these reports, focusing on its advantages and disadvantages.…”