Defense and Non-defense vs Debt: How does defense and non-defense government spending impact the dynamics of federal government debt in the United States?

Ahmed, Haydory Akbar; Sharif, Muhammad; Shadmani, Hedieh

doi:10.1016/j.jge.2022.100050

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…We can nd a plethora of articles that use this approach, and to develop further insight one can refer to Breitung (2001). The empirical approach in this paper follows Breitung (2001) and Ahmed et al (2022). We estimate a structural vector autoregression (henceforth SVAR) model to derive the impulse responses and variance decomposition to understand their dynamics.…”

Section: Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Title: Income inequality, unemployment, and government transfer: what does their dynamics tell us

Ahmed

Shadmani

2023

Preprint

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In this research, we explore the dynamics among measures of income inequality in the United States, male and female unemployment rates, and growth in government transfer using time series data. This research adopts a macro-econometric approach using a structural VAR model. Our structural impulse responses find growth in government transfer increases unemployment rates for both males and females. Female income inequality declines with increased government transfer. When the female income ratio rises, we observe the government transfer outlays fall over the forecast horizon. Variance decomposition finds that growth in government transfers is impacted by the male unemployment rate relatively more than the female unemployment rate. This research, therefore, suggests gender-specific government transfers to reduce income inequality. This, in effect, may reduce government transfer outlays over time. JEL code: C32, D63, E24, I38, J16

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Section: Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Title: Income inequality, unemployment, and government transfer: what does their dynamics tell us

Ahmed

Shadmani

2023

Preprint

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Defence spending and real growth in an asymmetric environment: Accessing evidence from a developing economy

Gbadebo,

Bekun,

Akande

et al. 2024

Int. J Fin Econ

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The connection between the defence spending and real growth remains a forefront subject of theoretical and empirical research. Nigeria, like many other developing nations, continues to devote numerous fiscal resources to military spending in ensuring peaceful coexistence and to attain sustainable economic growth after her independence in 1960. Because the interdependence between them has policy implications, this paper studies whether there exists asymmetric causality between them. The dataset, from World Bank database, includes long‐range historical series for military expenditure/GDP ratio and growth rate of GDP, covering 1960–2021. In exploring the empirical relations, the paper shows evidence for the symmetric Granger causality, from Toda–Yamamoto (1995) and asymmetric causality, from Hatemi‐J (2012). The standard (symmetric) identifies unidirectional causality evidence, from defence spending to the GDP per capital growth, with no retained potential feedback from real growth to defence spending. The Hatemi‐J (asymmetric) causality maintains evidence that positive shocks in the defence spending may cause a positive shock in the GDP per capital, supposing that increase perturbations to defence spending would be productive and growth‐enhancing. This causal impact is not evident for positive growth shocks. The findings support the need for policymakers to consider sustained growth targets when redesigning the military budget.

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Data markets, government defense spending, big political families, and international tax coordination: Introducing articles of the journal of government and economics volume 7

Huang

2022

Journal of Government and Economics

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Defense and Non-defense vs Debt: How does defense and non-defense government spending impact the dynamics of federal government debt in the United States?

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Title: Income inequality, unemployment, and government transfer: what does their dynamics tell us

Title: Income inequality, unemployment, and government transfer: what does their dynamics tell us

Defence spending and real growth in an asymmetric environment: Accessing evidence from a developing economy

Data markets, government defense spending, big political families, and international tax coordination: Introducing articles of the journal of government and economics volume 7

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