Defects of Presentation, Position and Posture in Livestock

Vermunt, J.J.; Parkinson, T. J.; Noakes, D.E.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-7233-8.00016-1

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The procedures were carried out by the veterinary surgeon on duty on the day of admission. All veterinarians were suitably trained in performing ovine caesarean sections and followed a standard protocol using a left flank approach under local anaesthesia in right lateral recumbency (Khan & Erdogan, 2019; Thorne & Jackson, 2000; Vermunt et al., 2019; Winter, 1999). If necessary to reduce straining, sacrococcygeal epidural anaesthesia was additionally applied (Hodgkinson & Dawson, 2007; Winter, 1999).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Foetal maldisposition is one of the most common causes of ovine dystocia (Grommers et al., 1985; Thorne & Jackson, 2000), but manual correction can often be achieved (Scott, 1989). The main indication for caesarean section has been identified as incomplete cervical dilatation in previous publications (Brounts et al., 2004; Ennen et al., 2013; Majeed et al., 1993; Sobiraj, 1994; Vermunt et al., 2019). Other common indications include foetopelvic disproportion (König & Renkema, 1983; Majeed et al., 1993; Scott, 1989), vaginal prolapse (Brounts et al., 2004; Scott, 1989) and foetal emphysema (Majeed et al., 1993; Scott, 1989; Sobiraj, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Uterine torsion has been considered a less common condition in sheep (Parkinson et al., 2019b), although it was very frequently observed in one study: Mosdøl (1986) reported an incidence of 26.3% in their case load ( n = 57). Amongst others, foetal malformations and uncorrectable foetal maldisposition may also lead to caesarean delivery (Khan & Erdogan, 2019; Vermunt et al., 2019). Only very limited published information is available on the short‐ and long‐term outcomes of ovine emergency caesarean sections (Ismail, 2017; Phythian et al., 2019; Vermunt et al., 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amongst others, foetal malformations and uncorrectable foetal maldisposition may also lead to caesarean delivery (Khan & Erdogan, 2019; Vermunt et al., 2019). Only very limited published information is available on the short‐ and long‐term outcomes of ovine emergency caesarean sections (Ismail, 2017; Phythian et al., 2019; Vermunt et al., 2019). Previous studies have reported overall maternal survival rates of between 81% and 95% (Brounts et al., 2004; Ennen et al., 2013; Majeed et al., 1993; Scott, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both latter reports also failed to observe any adverse effects on fecundity. Little work has however been undertaken to determine potential risk factors associated with dam and lamb survival (Brounts et al., 2004; Scott, 1989) and subsequent reproductive performance following emergency caesarean section (Ismail, 2017; Phythian et al., 2019; Vermunt et al., 2019). In practice, a high proportion of these animals are not re‐bred in anticipation of potential future problems (Brounts et al., 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Factors associated with ewe and lamb survival, and subsequent reproductive performance of sheep undergoing emergency caesarean section

Voigt

Najm

Zablotski

et al. 2020

Reprod Domestic Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Clinical records of all 212 ewes undergoing emergency caesarean surgery at a veterinary teaching hospital between January 2008 and December 2019 were evaluated retrospectively. Their age ranged from 1 to 10 years (median = 4 years), with German merino the predominant breed (48.1% of cases). The most frequently diagnosed indications were insufficient cervical dilatation (n = 94, 44.3%), uterine torsion (n = 50, 23.6%), foetopelvic disproportion (n = 31, 14.6%) and vaginal prolapse intra partum (n = 11, 5.2%). Fifty‐four (25.5%) of the 212 ewes additionally suffered from one or more concurrent, pre‐existing conditions. Overall ewe mortality until hospital discharge was 10.8% (23/212), and 3.8% (n = 6) for the 158 ewes without a history of concurrent disorders. Mortality during hospitalization increased to 31.5% (17/54) for those with pre‐existing conditions. Total lamb mortality was 49.1% (173/352) until hospital discharge. Pre‐existing conditions (p = .001) and the presence of post‐surgical complications (p = .025) were identified as significant factors influencing dam mortality, while delayed presentation for veterinary attention with an observed duration of labour of >12 hr was identified as the most influential factor on total lamb mortality (p = .010). The presence of dead or emphysematous foetuses was not significant for ewe mortality. Follow‐up information on further outcomes was available for 156 (82.5%) of the 189 discharged ewes. Eighty‐nine animals (57.1%) were re‐bred in the following season and achieved a 93.3% (83/89) pregnancy rate, while the remainder had either been slaughtered (n = 56, 35.9%), sold (n = 5, 3.2%) or had died of unknown causes (n = 3, 1.9%). The subsequent incidence of dystocia was 15.6% (n = 12) in the 77 ewes with available information on lambing ease. Adequate management of underlying conditions and timely intervention are important factors for best possible short‐term outcomes. In the long term, the subsequent pregnancy rate was good and the incidence of subsequent dystocia was within the normal range.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Factors associated with ewe and lamb survival, and subsequent reproductive performance of sheep undergoing emergency caesarean section

Voigt

Najm

Zablotski

et al. 2020

Reprod Domestic Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Development of an Analytical Method for Detection of Anesthetics and Sedatives in Fish

Hong

Kwon

Kang

et al. 2021

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Anesthetics and sedatives are frequently used to prevent abrasions caused by stress and facilitate fish management. However, drug residues may persist and cause changes in fish conditions and induce side effects. In addition, drugs that are not permitted for use in edible fish are sometimes potentially used in fish. The drugs can also be found in wastewater and are likely to be detected in fish. Objective The purpose of this study was to establish a quantitative analytical method for 10 anesthetic and sedative (azaperone, chlorpromazine, diazepam, estazolam, haloperidol, nitrazepam, nordiazepam, oxazepam, perphenazine, and temazepam) residues in fish sold in Korean markets. Methods Shrimp, flounder, and eel samples were selected as matrices. Acetonitrile (ACN) containing 0.1% formic acid was selected as an extraction solvent for shrimp and 100% ACN for flounder and eel. The QuEChERS method with C18 and PSA was used as the extraction procedure, and the analysis was performed by LC-MS/MS. Results Limit of quantitation, recovery, accuracy, and precision were validated, and satisfactory results were obtained for the drugs. All results applied to the real samples were negative. Conclusion An optimal validation method was studied. Since the results for all samples were negative, it is considered that additional studies are needed by increasing the number of drugs. Highlights The most effective QuEChERS pretreatment method and conditions of LC-MS/MS for the analysis of anesthetics and sedatives in fish were established.

show abstract

Defects of Presentation, Position and Posture in Livestock

Cited by 2 publications

References 23 publications

Factors associated with ewe and lamb survival, and subsequent reproductive performance of sheep undergoing emergency caesarean section

Factors associated with ewe and lamb survival, and subsequent reproductive performance of sheep undergoing emergency caesarean section

Development of an Analytical Method for Detection of Anesthetics and Sedatives in Fish

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About